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臨床症状

Javier Oltra1, Ingrid Ekström1, Maria Larsson2

  • 1Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.

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まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

嗅覚障害（OD）と認知機能障害（CI）の組み合わせは、特に最初の6年間において、認知症のリスクを有意に増加させる。孤立したODも時間とともに認知症のリスクを予測し、早期診断マーカーとしての可能性を示唆している。

キーワード:
嗅覚障害認知機能障害認知症早期診断疫学

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科学分野:

  • 神経学
  • 老年学
  • バイオマーカー

背景:

  • 嗅覚および認知マーカーは、認知症リスク層別化において有望です。
  • 認知症発生率に対する嗅覚障害（OD）および認知機能障害（CI）の複合的および孤立的影響を調査します。

研究 の 目的:

  • 孤立したおよび組み合わせたODとCIの、12年間の認知症発生率との関連を調査すること。
  • この関連が0〜6年および6〜12年の2つの期間で変動するかどうかを評価すること。

主な方法:

  • SNAC-K研究の高齢者2406人を対象に、臭い識別と認知機能を評価しました。
  • Cox回帰分析により、孤立したOD、孤立したCI、および複合的なCIND+ODの認知症ハザードを推定しました。
  • ラプラス回帰により、各グループ内の5％認知症診断までの時間を評価しました。

主要な成果:

  • CIND+ODの組み合わせは最も高い認知症リスク（HR 11.38）を示し、特に最初の6年間では健忘性CIND（HR 22.23）で顕著でした。
  • 孤立したODは、両方の12年間の期間（HR 2.12）で認知症リスクの増加と関連していました。
  • 孤立したCINDは、最初の6年間（HR 3.38）のみで認知症リスクを増加させました。

結論:

  • 同時期の認知機能障害と嗅覚障害は、特に健忘症の個人において、切迫した認知症を示唆する可能性があります。
  • 嗅覚障害は、認知症の潜在的な独立した早期マーカーとして機能します。