医療機器インシデント報告における課題と力学:質的研究
Meital Mishali1, Nadav Sheffer2, Maya Negev1
1The Health and Climate Resilience Lab, School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Frontiers in health services
|December 26, 2025
まとめ
医療機器の有害事象報告を改善するには、規制のギャップとコミュニケーションの問題に対処する必要があります。患者の安全性とデバイスの監視を世界的に強化するには、より明確な役割とフィードバックメカニズムが不可欠です。
科学分野:
- 医療機器の安全性。
- 公衆衛生監視。
- 規制科学。
背景:
- 医療機器の有害事象報告は、市販後監視と患者被害の防止に不可欠である。
- 保守、製造、ユーザーエラー、臨床上の問題などの要因が、根本原因分析と説明責任を複雑にする。
- 既存の規制は、有害事象報告における方針、施行、および責任を形成する。
研究 の 目的:
- 医療機器インシデント報告における認識、行動、および課題を調査すること。
- イスラエルの公的および民間部門における主要なステークホルダーに焦点を当てる。
- 効果的な医療機器法を待つ国の事例研究。
主な方法:
- 31回の詳細なインタビューを用いた質的テーマ分析。
- ステークホルダーは、保健省、医療機関(医師、看護師、経営陣)、および医療機器会社(CEO、規制担当マネージャー)を含んだ。
- インタビューは逐語録され、誘導的テーマ分析を用いてコーディングされた。
主要な成果:
- 因果関係の複雑さは責任の所在を曖昧にし、根本原因の特定と説明責任を妨げた。
- ステークホルダー間のコミュニケーションは複雑で不明瞭であり、時には利害の対立によって影響を受けた。
- 報告行動は組織文化の影響を受け、看護師は医師よりも多く報告したが、フィードバックの欠如は意欲を低下させた。
結論:
- 障壁には、規制のギャップ、不明瞭な手順、コミュニケーションの問題、および法的懸念が含まれる。
- 肯定的な組織間協力が認められた。
- より強力な規制、フィードバック、明確な役割、および支援的な管理は、医療機器の監視と患者の安全性を向上させるための応答性の高い報告文化を育成することができる。
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