自殺念慮および自殺行動における意思決定と実行機能の神経相関
Fangfang Tian1, Lu Zhou2, Xiuli Wang3
1Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|December 26, 2025
まとめ
自殺念慮および自殺行動を有する精神科患者は、意思決定および実行機能に関連する領域の脳活動の変化を示す。前帯状皮質の異常は自殺リスクに関連しており、標的介入を示唆している。
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 精神医学
- 認知科学
背景:
- 自殺念慮および自殺行動(STB)を有する精神科患者における意思決定(DM)および実行機能(EF)の神経基盤を調査すること。
- STBに関連する脳の変化を理解することは、効果的な介入を開発するために不可欠である。
研究 の 目的:
- STBを有する個人におけるDMおよびEFタスク中の異常な神経活動を有する特定の脳領域を特定すること。
- 自殺行動の病態生理におけるDMおよびEF障害の役割を探求すること。
主な方法:
- PubMed、ScienceDirect、Web of Scienceを横断した体系的な文献検索。
- シードベースdマッピング(ASE-SDM)の異方性効果サイズバージョンを使用した定量的座標ベースメタアナリシス。
- ロバスト性のための感度分析および出版バイアスの評価を含む、神経相関を調査するための多変量解析。
主要な成果:
- DMタスク中、STB患者は左前帯状皮質(ACC)および右島皮質で過活動、左島皮質および左海馬で低活動を示した。EFタスク中、STB患者は左ACCおよび左中心前回で過活動を示した。多変量解析により、DMおよびEFプロセスの両方における帯状皮質の重要な役割が確認された。
結論:
- ACCにおける神経活動の調節不全は、自殺リスクに寄与する主要なメカニズムである。
- 意思決定の異常は、実行機能障害よりも自殺リスクの中心にあるように思われる。
- 本研究の結果は、左ACCおよび感情調節に焦点を当てた認知行動療法やマインドフルネスベースの介入を含む、潜在的な治療標唆を示唆している。
さらに関連する動画
07:42An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents
Published on: August 2, 2018
14.3K
06:42Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
Published on: September 28, 2018
12.1K
関連する概念動画
Decision Making
859
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
859
Reason and Intuition
7.4K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
7.4K
Depressive Disorders: Etiology
408
Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
408
Counterfactual Thinking
197
Counterfactual thinking is a cognitive process wherein individuals mentally reconstruct alternative versions of past events, often beginning with “what if” or “if only.” This reflective mechanism plays a significant role in shaping emotional experiences and guiding future behavior. Though typically triggered by unfavorable or unexpected outcomes, counterfactual thinking can also emerge in mundane, everyday decisions and experiences, revealing its deep entrenchment in...
197
Decision Making: Traditional Method
5.0K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
5.0K
