緩和ケアにおける多次元的ニーズアセスメント:MAP改訂版の開発
Blanca Goni-Fuste1, Iris Crespo2, Aina García-Salanova1
1Department of Nursing, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
Journal of pain and symptom management
|December 26, 2025
まとめ
緩和ケアにおける多次元的ニーズアセスメント(MAP)ガイドは、患者のケアプランを改善するために専門家によって改訂されました。改訂されたMAPガイドには、包括的な緩和ケア評価のために、アドバンス・ディレクティブと終末期に関する希望が含まれるようになりました。
科学分野:
- 緩和ケア医学;臨床評価ツール;ヘルスケアの質改善
背景:
- 効果的なニーズアセスメントは、個別化された緩和ケア計画に不可欠です。緩和ケアにおける多次元的ニーズアセスメント(MAP)初期対応ガイドは以前に開発されました。臨床実装上の課題により、ガイドの改訂が必要となりました。
研究 の 目的:
- 専門家のコンセンサスを通じて既存のMAP臨床面接ガイドを改訂すること。MAPガイドの多様な臨床設定での適用性を高めること。緩和ケアのニーズ評価を改善するための専門家の推奨事項を組み込むこと。
主な方法:
- 22人の緩和ケア医が参加した2ラウンドのデルファイ研究。デルファイ参加者の80%の合意でコンセンサス閾値が設定されました。10人の緩和ケア専門家による名目グループ技法により改訂が最終決定されました。
主要な成果:
- 改訂されたMAPガイドには、アドバンス・ディレクティブと死期を早めたいという希望を含む48のニーズが含まれています。精神的・実存的懸念領域は、終末期指令を含めるように拡張されました。頻度の低い身体的症状と補完療法は維持され、患者の懸念を優先することが強調されています。
結論:
- 更新されたMAPガイドは、緩和ケアの初期対応における包括的なニーズアセスメントを強化します。アドバンス・ディレクティブと終末期に関する希望の組み込みにより、ツールの有用性が強化されます。改訂されたMAPガイドは、個別化されたケア計画をサポートし、さらなる臨床的検証に値します。
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