精神病性形質に応じて知覚的決定を調節する後部頭頂皮質
Francesco Scaramozzino1, Ryan McKay1, Nicholas Furl1
1Royal Holloway, University of London, UK.
Neuropsychologia
|December 26, 2025
まとめ
後部頭頂皮質(PPC)での反復経頭蓋磁気刺激(TMS)は、健常者では意思決定を変化させたが、精神病性形質を持つ人では変化させなかった。これは、精神病におけるPPCの興奮性の変化を示唆している。
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 認知心理学
背景:
- 精神病性形質は、特に後部頭頂皮質(PPC)が関与する課題において、データ収集の減少と感覚精度の変化に関連している。
- 1 Hz反復経頭蓋磁気刺激(TMS)によって調節される後部頭頂皮質(PPC)の興奮性は、精神病性形質が高い場合と低い場合でのこれらの行動パターンの違いについて調査された。
研究 の 目的:
- 反復経頭蓋磁気刺激(TMS)を用いて後部頭頂皮質(PPC)の興奮性を調節することが、精神病性形質が高い場合と低い場合で感覚精度とデータ収集の決定にどのように異なる影響を与えるかを調査すること。
- 妄想および幻覚の特性が感覚精度(ドリフト率)と意思決定閾値に対するTMS効果を調節するという仮説を検証すること。
主な方法:
- 合計68人の参加者が2つのグループに分けられ、右PPCに対するTMSまたはシャムTMSを受けた。
- ランダムドット運動(RDM)課題とビーズ課題を用いてパフォーマンスを比較した。
- 階層的ドリフト拡散モデルを用いて、ドリフト率(感覚精度)と意思決定閾値を推定し、妄想および幻覚の形質との相互作用を調べた。
主要な成果:
- ランダムドット運動(RDM)課題において、TMSは低い精神病性形質グループの意思決定閾値を増加させたが、これは高い精神病性形質グループでは見られなかった。
- 妄想的な形質が高い参加者ではドリフト率が減少した。
- ビーズ課題では有意な効果は観察されなかった。
結論:
- これらの発見は、知覚的推論中のデータ収集を終了する決定における後部頭頂皮質(PPC)の因果的役割を示唆している。
- 精神病性形質グループにおける意思決定閾値へのTMS効果の欠如は、精神病における意思決定の神経メカニズムにおけるPPCの興奮性の役割に関する新たな仮説を示唆している。
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