ビスホスホネートの眼性有害事象と骨壊死との関連:実世界データベースからの考察
Samuel H Kim1,2, Ehsan Rahimy2,3, Euna B Koo2
1Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Eye (London, England)
|December 26, 2025
まとめ
眼性有害事象(OAEs)を経験したビスホスホネート使用者では、骨壊死のリスクが高い。静脈内ビスホスホネートは、経口薬と比較してドライアイなどのOAEsのリスクを高める。
科学分野:
- 眼科学
- 薬理学
- 骨代謝
背景:
- ビスホスホネートは骨粗鬆症の標準治療薬です。
- 眼性有害事象(OAEs)および骨壊死のような全身性リスクは、大規模集団において十分に研究されていません。
- ビスホスホネートに関連するOAEsを理解することは、患者の安全性にとって極めて重要です。
研究 の 目的:
- ビスホスホネート誘発性OAEsと骨壊死リスクとの関連を調査すること。
- 経口および静脈内ビスホスホネート投与間のOAEs発生率を比較すること。
- 大規模で多様な患者コホートにおけるOAEsを分析すること。
主な方法:
- 多国籍の電子健康記録データベースの遡及的分析。
- 適格基準:事前のOAEs、ビスホスホネート処方、およびフォローアップ訪問がないこと。
- 交絡因子を制御するための傾向スコアマッチング。ビスホスホネートの投与経路に基づくOAEs発生率の比較。
主要な成果:
- 平均年齢75歳の944,559人の患者コホートを分析しました。
- 眼性有害事象(OAEs)には、ドライアイ(1.73%)、眼表面炎症(0.97%)、ぶどう膜炎(0.17%)が含まれていました。
- OAEsを有する患者は、骨壊死のリスク増加を示しました(RR:1.48)。特にゾレドロン酸ではリスクが高まりました(RR:2.22)。静脈内ビスホスホネートはドライアイのリスクを増加させました(RR:1.27)。
結論:
- OAEsを伴うビスホスホネートの使用は、以前に示唆されたよりも頻度は低いものの、骨壊死のリスク増加と関連しています。
- 静脈内ビスホスホネートは、経口製剤と比較して、OAEsのリスク増加と関連しています。
- 眼科医は、ビスホスホネートを使用している患者において、OAEsおよび関連する全身性リスクを監視する必要があります。
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