基礎科学と病態生理学
Paula Subirana1, Núria Sánchez1, Francisco Ciruela1
1Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 27, 2025
まとめ
天然カンナビノイドであるテトラヒドロカンナビノール(THC)およびカンナビジオール(CBD)は、アルツハイマー病のマウスモデルにおいて脳活動を調節する。
科学分野:
- 神経科学;薬理学;アルツハイマー病研究
背景:
- 以前の研究では、非精神作用用量のTHCおよびCBDがAPP/PS1マウスの認知機能低下および海馬グルタミン酸レベルを低下させることが示されている。;アルツハイマー病(AD)は、認知機能低下および非認知性症状と関連しており、神経伝達物質の調節不全に関連している可能性がある。
研究 の 目的:
- 天然カンナビノイド(THCおよびCBD)が、非認知性AD症状に関連する辺縁系領域におけるドーパミン作動性活動を調節するかどうかを調査すること。;アルツハイマー病の動物モデルにおける神経伝達物質動態に対する慢性的なTHCおよびCBD治療の影響を評価すること。
主な方法:
- 海馬および側坐核(NAcc)における神経伝達物質レベルを測定するために、線維測光法を用いたグルタミン酸およびドーパミンバイオセンサーを利用した。;実験は、麻酔下および覚醒下のAPP/PS1マウスで、電気生理学的記録および行動試験(新規物体認識、オープンフィールド、社会性、プレパルス抑制)中に実施された。
主要な成果:
- 慢性的なTHCおよびCBD治療は、早期ADマウスの記憶課題中の海馬グルタミン酸ピークを正常化した。;進行期のADマウスは、NAccにおけるドーパミン動態の変化を示し、精神病様の特徴に類似しており、THCおよびCBD治療によって部分的に改善された。
結論:
- THCとCBDの組み合わせは、ADマウスモデルにおいて海馬のグルタミン酸作動性活動を調節し、その結果、辺縁系領域におけるドーパミン作動性の変化を減少させる。;これらの発見は、天然カンナビノイドがアルツハイマー病の認知症状と非認知症状の両方に対する治療戦略を提供する可能性を示唆している。
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