ハンガリーにおける薬物依存問題全国調査2023(NSAPH):方法論とサンプル説明
Borbala Paksi1, Zsolt Demetrovics2,3,4
1Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem, Neveléstudományi Intézet, Budapest.
まとめ
2023年ハンガリー薬物依存問題全国調査は、成人の依存行動の信頼できる概要を提供します。方法論的結果は、物質使用および行動依存症を理解するためのデータの妥当性を確認します。
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 疫学
- 心理学
背景:
- 物質使用および行動依存症を含む依存行動は、公衆衛生上の大きな課題となっています。
- これらの行動の有病率とパターンを理解することは、効果的な介入を開発するために不可欠です。
研究 の 目的:
- ハンガリーにおける薬物依存問題全国調査(NSAPH)の2023年の方法論的背景と結果を提示すること。
- ハンガリーの成人人口における薬物依存問題の包括的な疫学的概観を提供すること。
- 依存行動を評価するための概念的枠組みと指標を開発および更新すること。
主な方法:
- 18歳から64歳までの1800人の成人からなる全国的に代表的なサンプルを対象に、混合法アプローチ(対面インタビューと自己記入式質問票)を用いて調査を実施しました。
- 調査では、物質使用(喫煙、アルコール、その他の精神作用物質)および様々な行動依存症(例:インターネット使用、ゲーム、ギャンブル、摂食障害)をカバーしました。
- データの信頼性と妥当性は、内的整合性、ダミー質問への回答パターン、および欠損/無効な回答の分析を用いて評価されました。
主要な成果:
- ほとんどの物質の生涯有病率データは、一貫したユーザー情報の方が高い割合を示しました。
- 中立的な質問と比較して、依存行動における欠損/無効な回答は比較的高い値を示しましたが、デリケートなトピックにとっては許容範囲内でした。
- データの過大評価の程度は無視できるものでした。
結論:
- 方法論的な結果は、2023年のNSAPHデータが現在の依存行動を分析するために妥当かつ信頼できることを示しています。
- 慎重な解釈と確立された推定手順により、特に物質使用行動の経時的な変化を追跡する上での結果に対する信頼性が高まります。
さらに関連する動画
05:40The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans
Published on: April 28, 2022
3.4K
08:05A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
Published on: January 5, 2018
10.1K
関連する概念動画
Convenience Sampling Method
10.8K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population.
Convenience sampling is a non-random method of sample selection; this method selects individuals that are easily accessible and may result in biased data. For example, a marketing...
Convenience sampling is a non-random method of sample selection; this method selects individuals that are easily accessible and may result in biased data. For example, a marketing...
10.8K
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
1.1K
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
1.1K
Surveys
16.6K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
16.6K
Cluster Sampling Method
13.9K
Appropriate sampling methods ensure that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...
13.9K
Observational Studies
10.7K
Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
10.7K
Random Sampling Method
14.0K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest. Among the various sampling methods used by...
14.0K
