尿路結石症の世界的な有病率:方法論的な異質性を考慮したメタアナリシス
Víctor Juan Vera-Ponce1, Nataly Mayely Sanchez-Tamay1, Jhosmer Ballena-Caicedo1
1Facultad de Medicina (FAMED), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas (UNTRM), Chachapoyas, Peru.
Frontiers in urology
|December 29, 2025
まとめ
尿路結石症は世界的に約11%の人に影響を与えており、重大な公衆衛生上の懸念事項です。診断ツールやサンプリングなどの方法論的要因が有病率の推定値に大きく影響しており、標準化の必要性が強調されています。
科学分野:
- 泌尿器科学;公衆衛生学;疫学
背景:
- 尿路結石症(腎臓結石)は、世界的に増加している健康問題です。;その真の有病率を理解することは、公衆衛生戦略にとって不可欠です。
研究 の 目的:
- システマティックレビューとメタアナリシスを用いて尿路結石症の世界的な有病率を推定すること。;有病率の異質性に寄与する方法論的要因を特定すること。
主な方法:
- PRISMAガイドラインに従ったシステマティックレビューで、主要なデータベースを検索しました。;22件の観察研究(参加者1,276,826人)からの割合のメタアナリシスを実施しました。;診断方法(超音波、CT、自己申告)、性別、サンプリング、地域別のサブグループ解析を行いました。
主要な成果:
- 尿路結石症の世界的有病率は10.85%と推定され、有意な異質性(I²=100%)が認められました。;診断方法別では、自己申告が13.28%と最も高く、CTスキャンが7.83%と最も低い有病率を示しました。;男性(12.93%)の方が女性(8.91%)よりも有病率が高く、地域差も認められました(アフリカ22.3%、北米8.3%)。
結論:
- 尿路結石症は世界人口の約11%に影響を与えており、重大な公衆衛生上の課題となっています。;方法論的なばらつき、特に診断方法とサンプリングは、観察された異質性の多くを説明しています。;正確な有病率測定と情報に基づいた健康政策のためには、診断基準と募集基準の標準化が不可欠です。
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