組織常駐疲弊および記憶CD8+ T細胞は、疾患における異なる起源、機能、および役割を持つ
Simone L Park1,2, Mark M Painter3,4, Sasikanth Manne3,4
1Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. simone.park@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.
Nature immunology
|December 30, 2025
まとめ
慢性抗原刺激は、記憶(TRM)細胞とは異なる、組織常駐疲弊CD8+ T(TR-TEX)細胞を生成する。TR-TEX細胞は、患者における免疫チェックポイント阻害応答を特異的に予測する。
科学分野:
- 免疫学; 細胞生物学; 慢性疾患病因学
背景:
- 常駐および疲弊マーカーを共発現するCD8+ T細胞は、慢性疾患の転帰と関連している。; これらの細胞、従来の組織常駐記憶(TRM)細胞、および疲弊CD8+ T(TEX)細胞との正確な関係は未定義のままである。
研究 の 目的:
- 慢性抗原曝露設定における組織常駐疲弊TEX(TR-TEX)細胞とTRM細胞の異なる発生経路と機能的役割を解明すること。; 免疫チェックポイント阻害療法におけるTR-TEX細胞の転写調節と治療的可能性を調査すること。
主な方法:
- 慢性抗原刺激と抗原クリアランス下でのT細胞集団の比較分析。; Tox依存性を含む細胞状態特異的調節ネットワークを特定するための転写プロファイリング。; PD-1経路阻害に対するT細胞応答を評価するinvivo研究。
主要な成果:
- 慢性抗原刺激は、TRM細胞とは転写的に異なるTR-TEX細胞を生成し、それらは常駐プログラミングにToxを必要とする。; TRM細胞は慢性抗原曝露下でTEX細胞に分化できるが、抗原除去後TEX細胞はTRM細胞に回復しない。; TR-TEX細胞の存在は、患者の免疫チェックポイント阻害への応答と選択的に相関し、これらの細胞(TRM細胞ではない)がinvivoでPD-1阻害に応答する。
結論:
- TR-TEX細胞とTRM細胞は、組織常駐を共有するが慢性疾患中の機能が異なる、発生的に分岐したCD8+ T細胞状態を表す。; TR-TEX細胞は疾患制御における主要な役割を果たし、免疫チェックポイント阻害の潜在的なバイオマーカーおよび治療標的を表す。
関連する概念動画
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
14.5K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
14.5K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
8.4K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
8.4K
T Cell Types and Functions
2.1K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
2.1K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
83.3K
Overview
83.3K
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity
2.8K
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
2.8K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
6.4K
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
6.4K


