韓国における孤独死の潜在的危険因子:全国症例対照研究
Hye Yeon Koo1,2, Haibin Bai3,4, Jae-Ryun Lee4
1Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
Journal of Korean medical science
|December 30, 2025
まとめ
孤独死は低所得、複数の健康状態、頻繁な医療利用と関連している。これらの危険因子を特定することで、脆弱な集団における孤独死を防ぐことができる。
科学分野:
- 社会疫学
- 公衆衛生
- 老年医学
背景:
- 孤独死は、自宅で一人で亡くなり、後に発見されると定義され、社会的な懸念が高まっている。
- 孤独死を経験した個人の特性を特定することは、公衆衛生介入にとって極めて重要である。
研究 の 目的:
- 孤独死した個人と対照群を区別する人口統計学的、健康状態、および医療利用の特性を特定すること。
- 比較分析を通じて孤独死の高リスク集団を特定すること。
主な方法:
- 韓国の犯罪現場捜査および国民健康保険サービス(NHIS)データベースからのデータを使用した症例対照研究。
- 2021年の3,122件の孤独死症例と9,493件の性別および年齢を一致させた対照群を含めた。
- 孤独死と様々な要因との関連を評価するためにロジスティック回帰分析を使用した。
主要な成果:
- 孤独死を経験した個人は、医療扶助を受けている可能性、最も低い所得層に属している可能性、および併存疾患のスコアが高い(Charlson Comorbidity Index≧3)可能性が高かった。
- 糖尿病、心不全などの慢性疾患、統合失調症、双極性障害などの精神疾患、アルコール関連疾患の有病率が孤独死群でより高く観察された。
- 頻繁な医療利用も孤独死に関連する重要な要因であった。
結論:
- 孤独死は、低所得などの社会経済的要因、および多疾患併存や既存の健康状態などの健康関連要因と強く関連している。
- 頻繁な医療利用は、孤独死に関連する重要な指標である。
- 孤独死を防ぐために、低所得と複雑な健康ニーズに焦点を当てた高リスクグループに対する標的介入が推奨される。
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