メンタルヘルスにおけるピアサポートの関係性:現実主義に基づいた質的メタシンセシス
Corinna Hackmann1,2, Amanda Green1,3, Ruby Pease1
1Norfolk and Suffolk Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK.
BMJ open
|December 30, 2025
まとめ
現実主義に基づいたレビューを用いて、メンタルヘルスにおけるピアサポートの主要な関係性の要因が特定された。APPEARフレームワーク(受容的、個別化された実践、エンパワーメント、利用可能、相互的)が登場し、これらの要因が回復の成果をどのように向上させるかを詳述している。
科学分野:
- メンタルヘルス
- 心理学
- 社会科学
背景:
- メンタルヘルスにおけるピアサポートにおける対人関係の力学を理解することは、効果的な介入にとって重要です。
- 以前の研究では、肯定的な成果をもたらす特定の関係性の要因が十分に解明されていませんでした。
研究 の 目的:
- メンタルヘルスにおけるピアサポートの成果に影響を与える主要な関係性の要因を特定すること。
- ピアサポートにおける変化のメカニズムを説明するプログラム理論を開発すること。
主な方法:
- 18の研究を統合した現実主義に基づいた質的レビューを実施しました。
- PsycINFO、Embase、Medline、CINAHLデータベースを検索しました。
- 関連性と厳密性のために研究を評価し、文脈-メカニズム-成果の構成のために質的データを抽出しました。
主要な成果:
- 受容的、個別化された実践、エンパワーメント、利用可能、相互的(APPEARフレームワーク)という5つの主要な文脈的要因を特定しました。
- これらの要因は相互に作用し、個人の回復成果の向上を促進します。
- 成果には、自己受容、自信、希望、自己表現、人間関係、知識/スキルの向上が含まれます。
結論:
- APPEARフレームワークは、対人関係のメンタルヘルスにおけるピアサポートを理解するための運用基盤を提供します。
- このフレームワークは、ピアサポート介入の開発と改善を導くことができます。
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