ADHD、不安、自閉症、およびがんリスクの関連性の可能性を探る
Shreya Wajapeyee1, Kristina Ford1, Romi Gupta2,3
1Department of Pediatrics Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States.
Frontiers in oncology
|December 31, 2025
まとめ
自閉症スペクトラム障害(ASD)単独では、がんリスクを有意に増加させませんが、併存疾患および生活習慣要因は、神経発達障害および精神疾患におけるがんリスクの上昇に関連しており、主要な診断ではありません。
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 腫瘍学
- 精神医学
背景:
- 自閉症スペクトラム障害(ASD)、注意欠陥・多動性障害(ADHD)、および不安障害(AD)を含む神経発達障害および精神疾患は、がんリスクとの潜在的な関連性についてますます調査されています。
- 既存の研究は複雑な様相を呈しており、これらの関係についての微妙な理解が必要とされています。
研究 の 目的:
- ASD、ADHD、ADとがんリスクの関連に関する現在のエビデンスをレビューおよび統合すること。
- がんリスクに影響を与える主要な診断と併存疾患または生活習慣要因を区別すること。
主な方法:
- 体系的な文献レビューおよびエビデンスの統合。
- ASD、ADHD、ADを有する集団におけるがんリスクを調査した研究の分析。
主要な成果:
- 自閉症スペクトラム障害(ASD)単独では、がんリスクとの強い関連性は認められませんが、知的障害または先天性異常を伴うサブグループでは、がんリスクの上昇が認められます。;注意欠陥・多動性障害(ADHD)には、がんとの直接的な生物学的関連性は欠如しています。行動要因および投薬の使用が関心の対象となっています。;不安障害(AD)は、慢性的なストレスおよび健康行動を通じて、がんリスクに間接的に影響を与える可能性があり、一部の証拠では前立腺がんや泌尿器がんなどの特定のがんとの関連が示唆されています。
結論:
- 神経発達障害および精神疾患を有する個人におけるがんリスクの上昇は、主要な診断そのものではなく、主に併存疾患および生活習慣要因に関連しています。
- 特定のメカニズムを解明し、リスクのあるサブグループを特定するためには、さらなる研究が必要です。
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