高効率な結晶化速度制御による印刷スズ系ペロブスカイト太陽電池

The rapid crystallization of tin-based perovskites and the inability to use antisolvent treatment in printing processes significantly compromise the crystallization quality of printed tin-based perovskites and the corresponding device performance compared with spin-coating methods. In this work, guided by the theoretical framework of crystallization kinetics, we propose a crystallization regulation strategy to regulate the printing process, in which acetonitrile is introduced to gain a high nucleation density to match the rapid crystallization rate. Using this approach, we achieve a power conversion efficiency of up to 9.64% for printed tin-based perovskite solar cells, storage stability retaining 87% of initial efficiency after 600 h under a nitrogen atmosphere, and operational stability under 1000 W/m² illumination at the maximum power point for 4000 s without efficiency degradation. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the highest efficiency reported to date for printed tin-based perovskite solar cells, providing a promising route toward the industrialization of lead-free perovskite solar cells.