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関連する概念動画

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

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In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

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Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...
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Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

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Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
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The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:
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There are three methods by which heat transfer can take place: conduction, convection, and radiation. Each method has unique and interesting characteristics, but all three have two things in common: they transfer heat solely because of a temperature difference; and the greater the temperature difference, the faster the heat transfer.
In order to solve a problem related to heat transfer, first of all, the situation needs to be examined to determine the type of heat transfer involved. This could...
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Trapping of Micro Particles in Nanoplasmonic Optical Lattice
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ナノ構造における超プランク放射熱伝達の減衰

Ayan Majumder1, Kanishka Panda1, Rohith Mittapally1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.

Nano letters
|December 31, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者らは、ポリマーがナノスケール熱センサーの性能を制限する現象である超プランク放射熱伝達を低減できることを発見した。窒化ケイ素の代わりにポリパラキシリレンCを使用すると、この強化された熱結合が大幅に抑制され、カロリメーターの性能が向上する。

キーワード:
ポリパラキシリレンC導波モード輸送高分解能カロリメトリー放射熱伝達窒化ケイ素超プランク浮遊膜

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Characterization of Thermal Transport in One-dimensional Solid Materials
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科学分野:

  • 物理学
  • 材料科学
  • ナノテクノロジー

背景:

  • ナノスケール構造間の放射熱伝達は、黒体限界を超える可能性があり、超プランク放射熱伝達として知られています。
  • この現象は、多くの場合窒化ケイ素（SiN）から作られるナノスケール熱センシングに使用される高分解能カロリメーターの性能を制限します。

研究 の 目的:

  • ポリマーを用いた超プランク放射熱伝達の減衰を調査すること。
  • 強化された熱結合を抑制することにより、ナノスケール熱センシングデバイスの性能を向上させることを実証すること。

主な方法:

  • 導波モードの密度と材料の吸収スペクトルを分析するための計算モデリング。
  • ポリパラキシリレンCと窒化ケイ素（SiN）を使用したデバイスの実験的製造とテスト。

主要な成果:

  • 計算により、ポリパラキシリレンCは導波モードが少なく、吸収が少ないことが示され、SiNと比較して最大10倍の超プランク結合が抑制された。
  • 実験により、ポリパラキシリレンCデバイスはSiNデバイスと比較して減衰した放射結合を示すことが確認された。

結論:

  • ポリパラキシリレンCのようなポリマーを採用することで、超プランク放射熱伝達を大幅に減衰させることができます。
  • この減衰は、ナノスケール熱センシングのための高分解能カロリメーターの性能を向上させます。