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妊娠中の抗生物質使用と新生児B群溶連菌疾患
Thi Cam Tu Ha1, Sheila Orwa1, Sandra Guedes2
1Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Solna, Sweden; Global Health Institute, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
The Journal of infection
|December 31, 2025
まとめ
周産期の抗生物質曝露は、出産後4週間以内の新生児におけるB群溶連菌(GBS)疾患のリスクを高めます。このリスクは、GBSリスク因子を持たない乳児や、妊娠第3期の初期に曝露された場合に高くなります。
科学分野:
- 産科婦人科; 新生児医学; 感染症学
背景:
- B群溶連菌(GBS)は新生児感染症の主要な原因です。周産期の抗生物質の使用は一般的ですが、GBS疾患のリスクに対するその影響は十分に理解されていません。
研究 の 目的:
- 妊娠中の抗生物質曝露と、生後最初の4週間以内の新生児におけるGBS疾患の発生率との関連を調査すること。
主な方法:
- スウェーデン(2006-2016)の全国登録データを用いた集団ベースのコホート研究が分析されました。単胎の生児を周産期の抗生物質曝露別に分類しました。GBS疾患は出産後4週間以内に特定されました。多変量ロジスティック回帰により調整オッズ比(aOR)を推定しました。
主要な成果:
- 1,095,644人の新生児のうち24.5%が周産期の抗生物質曝露を受けていました。GBSの発生率は、曝露された新生児(0.86/1000)で曝露されなかった新生児(0.66/1000)よりも高く、調整オッズ比(aOR)は1.29でした。この関連は、GBSリスク因子を持たない新生児(aOR、1.34)および妊娠第3期の初期に曝露された場合(aOR、1.67)でより顕著でした。
結論:
- 周産期の抗生物質曝露は、早期発症GBS疾患のリスク増加と関連しています。GBSリスク因子を持たない新生児および妊娠第3期の初期に曝露された新生児は、特に感受性が高いです。これらの発見は、GBSリスクに関連する周産期の抗生物質使用のタイミングと適応を考慮する必要があることを強調しています。
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