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関連する概念動画

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Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
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Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in...
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Researchers have tested many persuasion strategies, including the foot-in-the door and the door-in-the-face techniques, in a variety of contexts. Ultimately, the principles are effective in selling products and changing people’s attitude, ideas, and behaviors (Cialdini & Goldstein, 2004).
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Magical thinking encompasses the belief in assumptions that defy logical reasoning yet appear intuitively convincing. It is a common psychological phenomenon that persists across various cultural and individual contexts. While these assumptions contradict empirical evidence and scientific laws, they often serve meaningful psychological roles in promoting emotional resilience and a sense of control, especially under stress or uncertainty.Thought-Action Fusion and the Law of SimilarityA key...
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説明するだけでは不十分:魅力的な説明は驚きも伴うべきである

Aurélien Klopfenstein1, Hugo Mercier2

  • 1Paris School of Economics, ENS, PSL University, Paris, France.

Psychonomic bulletin & review
|January 6, 2026
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

魅力的な説明は、単に良いだけでなく、驚きと有用性も伴う。本研究では、説明の魅力は、その驚きと現象の有用性によって決まることがわかった。

キーワード:
魅力文化的伝播説明興味深さ驚き

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科学分野:

  • 認知心理学
  • 科学哲学

背景:

  • 哲学者は長年、良い説明の特性を研究してきた。
  • 知識を求める動機として、説明から得られる喜びを含む、説明の現象学が認識されている。
  • しかし、客観的に良い説明の多くは、固有の魅力を持たなかったり、肯定的な感情的反応を引き出すことに失敗したりする。

研究 の 目的:

  • 説明力以上の説明の魅力を高める要因を調査すること。
  • 驚きが魅力的な説明の重要な構成要素であるという仮説を検証すること。
  • 説明される現象の有用性が説明の魅力において果たす役割を検証すること。

主な方法:

  • 説明を評価する3つの実験を実施した。
  • 既存の説明と「説明、私は5歳です」のサブredditから調達した新しい説明の両方を利用した。
  • 説明の質、魅力、驚き、および知覚された先行知識の評価を測定した。

主要な成果:

  • 説明的でありかつ驚きを伴う説明は、より魅力的である。
  • 説明される現象の知覚された有用性も、説明の魅力を予測する。
  • 驚きは、先行知識のみによって決定されるのではなく、他者がその説明を知っているかどうか、そして潜在的には説明自体の内部特性にも影響される。

結論:

  • 魅力的な説明には、事実として正しい以上のものが必要である。それは驚きを伴うものでなければならない。
  • 説明の魅力は、その驚きと、それが明確にする概念の有用性の関数である。
  • 将来の研究では、説明の驚きに寄与する説明の内部特性を探求する必要がある。