プレート境界におけるトランスプレッションの再考を支援するカリブ海およびレバントの例によって支持されたリソスフェアモデル
Anthony Jourdon1,2, Laetitia Le Pourhiet3,4, Dave A May5
1Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ISTeP, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris, UMR7193, Paris, France. anthony.jourdon@geoazur.unice.fr.
Nature communications
|January 6, 2026
まとめ
この研究は、引き継がれた弱域が横ずれ断層システムをどのように制御するかを明らかにします。3つの異なるシステムが出現し、リソスフェアの変形と断層形状に影響を与えます。
科学分野:
- テクトニクス
- 地球物理学
- 計算地質学
背景:
- 横ずれ断層システムは、多様な形状と変形パターンを示す。
- これらの変動は、リソスフェアひずみ局在化の異なるモードを反映している。
- 例としては、押し上げシステム(レバント断層)や二重システム(ジャマイカ断層ネットワーク)が含まれる。
研究 の 目的:
- 横ずれ断層システムの形状と変形パターンの変動の起源を調査すること。
- 引き継がれたヘテロジニアス性がリソスフェアスケールのひずみ局在化にどのように影響するかを理解すること。
- トランスプレッションシステムにおける自発的な断層局在化のための数値モデリングアプローチを開発すること。
主な方法:
- トランスプレッション横ずれ断層システムの3D数値モデルの開発。
- ヘテロジニアスな単純せん断境界条件の適用。
- 熱依存性、非線形レオロジーを含めて、自発的な断層局在化を可能にする。
主要な成果:
- 3つの異なる横ずれ断層システムが特定された:押し上げ、二重、および相互作用しない平行断層。
- 押し上げシステムは、外向きに伝播するスラストを伴う単一の横ずれ断層を特徴とする。
- 二重システムは、Pシアによって連結された相互作用する平行断層を示す。
結論:
- 初期のヘテロジニアス性は、横ずれ断層システムの形成と進化を決定的に制御する。
- 数値的アプローチにより、課せられた速度不連続なしに自然なトランスプレッション生成が可能になる。
- これらのシステムを理解することは、長期的なリソスフェア変形を理解するための鍵となる。
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