動脈静脈瘻関連腹水
Michael Kolman1, Lincoln Kavinsky1, Jeffrey Soble2
1Division of Nephrology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Seminars in dialysis
|January 6, 2026
まとめ
透析関連腹水は誤診される可能性がある。動脈静脈瘻による高容量心不全の心原性腹水の症例は、AVF関連腹水の認識の必要性を強調している。
科学分野:
- 腎臓病学
- 心臓病学
- 血管外科
背景:
- 透析関連腹水(DAA)は、末期腎不全(ESKD)患者において予後不良の除外診断である。
- DAAはしばしば患者を腎移植から除外する。
- 高容量心不全(HOHF)は腹水を引き起こし、DAAに似ている可能性がある。
研究 の 目的:
- DAAと誤診された心原性腹水の症例を報告する。
- 動脈静脈瘻合併症によって引き起こされる腹水に対して、AVF関連腹水(AFAA)という用語を導入する。
- 透析患者における動脈静脈瘻の心合併症を考慮することの重要性を強調する。
主な方法:
- 腹水を有する末期腎不全患者の症例報告。
- DAAの除外を含む診断的評価。
- HOHFおよび腹水の原因としての動脈瘤性動脈静脈瘻の同定。
- AVF結紮による介入。
主要な成果:
- 患者の腹水は当初DAAと誤診されていた。
- 腹水は、動脈瘤性AVFによるHOHFの心原性腹水に正しく起因するとされた。
- AVF結紮によりHOHFは改善し、腹水は完全に解消した。
- 患者は介入後に腎移植の適格を得た。
結論:
- AVF関連腹水(AFAA)は、透析患者の腹水の重要な鑑別診断である。
- 大きながまたは動脈瘤性のAV瘻は、HOHFおよび腹水を誘発する可能性がある。
- AFAAの迅速な認識と管理は、患者の転帰と移植適格性を改善することができる。
関連する概念動画
Hemodialysis I: Introduction
1.3K
Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
1.3K
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management
359
Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
359
Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction
1.1K
Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
1.1K
Veins of Thorax
1.9K
The azygos system is a crucial part of the body's circulatory system and drains most of the thorax. It comprises the azygos, hemiazygos, and accessory hemiazygos veins.
The azygos vein, positioned just right of the midline and anterior to the vertebral column, begins at the junction of the right ascending lumbar and subcostal veins, terminating in the superior vena cava. This vein drains blood from the right side of the thoracic wall, thoracic viscera, and posterior abdominal wall.
The...
The azygos vein, positioned just right of the midline and anterior to the vertebral column, begins at the junction of the right ascending lumbar and subcostal veins, terminating in the superior vena cava. This vein drains blood from the right side of the thoracic wall, thoracic viscera, and posterior abdominal wall.
The...
1.9K
Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
179
Varicose veins, or varicosities, develop when the valves in the veins, which control blood flow, weaken or damage. It causes blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. Understanding the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management options for varicose veins is crucial for effective treatment and relief.Clinical manifestationsClinical manifestations of varicose veins include a heavy, achy feeling or pain after prolonged standing or sitting. This discomfort can often be relieved by...
179
Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis
1.5K
The human body is a complex system of interconnected parts, and the circulatory system plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health. One key component of this system is the inferior vena cava, a large vein responsible for returning blood from the abdominopelvic viscera and abdominal walls to the heart.
The inferior vena cava is fed by numerous smaller veins. The lumbar veins, for instance, drain the posterior abdominal wall, emptying both directly into the inferior vena cava and into the...
The inferior vena cava is fed by numerous smaller veins. The lumbar veins, for instance, drain the posterior abdominal wall, emptying both directly into the inferior vena cava and into the...
1.5K


