フラットフィッシュの腸内細菌叢は様々な宿主形質に依存し、堆積物タイプと底引き網漁獲努力量によって変化する
Michelle Gwinner1, Holger Haslob2, Hermann Neumann2
1Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), School of Mathematics and Science, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstraße 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany. michelle.gwinner@uol.de.
Scientific reports
|January 6, 2026
まとめ
底引き網漁はフラットフィッシュの腸内細菌叢の組成に影響を与え、環境擾乱が魚の腸内細菌に影響を与える可能性があることを示唆しています。この研究は、宿主形質と海底の状態がこれらの重要な微生物群集をどのように形成するかを明らかにします。
科学分野:
- 海洋生物学; 微生物生態学; 生態毒性学
背景:
- 魚の腸内細菌叢は、消化、栄養吸収、免疫機能に不可欠です。; フラットフィッシュは、海洋堆積物の微生物群集を変化させる底引き網漁のような人為的影響を受けやすいです。; 底引き網漁が堆積物微生物に及ぼす影響が、海底に生息する魚の腸内細菌叢にまで及ぶかどうかは不明なままです。
研究 の 目的:
- 3つのフラットフィッシュ種の腸内細菌叢に対する底引き網漁の強度と宿主特異的因子の影響を調査すること。; 底引き網漁による底生環境の変化がフラットフィッシュの腸内細菌群集に影響を与えるかどうかを判断すること。
主な方法:
- 16S rDNAメタバーコーディングを使用して、3つのフラットフィッシュ種から162個体分の腸内細菌叢を特徴付けました。; 宿主形質(種、性別、年齢、体重、状態係数)と環境要因(堆積物のタイプ、底引き網漁の強度)の影響を分離するためにデータを分析しました。
主要な成果:
- 種の間の腸内微生物の多様性は大きく異なり、年齢、体重、堆積物のタイプによって影響を受けました。; コミュニティの組成は、種、年齢、状態係数、および堆積物のタイプの影響を受けました。; 底引き網漁の強度が、腸内微生物群集組成の変化を引き起こす重要な要因として特定されました。
結論:
- 底引き網漁の影響は、底生環境を超えてフラットフィッシュの腸内細菌叢にまで及びます。; 宿主形質と環境要因は相互作用して、フラットフィッシュの腸内細菌群集を形成します。; この発見は、海洋宿主と微生物の相互作用に対する人為的擾乱の連鎖的な影響を強調しています。
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