青年期における情動調節の神経発達相関:加速縦断研究
Galit Karpov1, Sara A Heyn1, Justin D Russell1
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
|January 7, 2026
まとめ
青年期の脳発達は、内的な情動調節(ER)と外的な情動調節(ER)で異なる軌道を示す。内的なERは青年期中期までに成熟するが、外的なERはこの期間を通じて発達し続ける。
科学分野:
- 神経科学;発達心理学;認知科学
背景:
- 青年期は、神経発達と精神病理の発症における重要な時期である。情動調節(ER)の障害は、様々な精神病理に共通する特徴である。内的な情動調節と外的な情動調節の正常な神経発達を理解することは極めて重要である。
研究 の 目的:
- 青年期における内的な情動調節と外的な情動調節の神経発達軌道を調査すること。青年期における情動調節プロセスの成熟に関与する脳領域を特定すること。
主な方法:
- 139人の青年(10〜20歳)がベースラインおよび1年後のフォローアップでfMRIスキャンを受けた。内的な情動調節は感情的なN-バック課題を用いて評価され、外的な情動調節は認知的再評価課題を用いて評価された。線形混合効果モデルを用いて、前頭前野、扁桃体、海馬の活動における年齢および情動調節関連の変化を分析した。
主要な成果:
- 右サルエンス/腹側注意ネットワークにおける脳活動の加齢に伴う変化が観察された。内的な情動調節は、青年期早期に否定的な刺激に対する中島皮質の活動が増加し、その後プラトーに達した。外的な情動調節は、青年期を通じて後部島皮質、ロランド弁蓋、および中心旁小葉の活動が線形的に減少した。
結論:
- 情動調節の発達における感情的注意を支える前頭回路の機能的変化が鍵となる。内的な情動調節の成熟は青年期中期までに完了するように見える。外的な情動調節は青年期を通じて発達し続け、異なる発達タイムラインを示唆している。
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