医療アクションチームにおける協調的および共有的リーダーシップの力学:系統的文献レビュー
Petru Lucian Curșeu1,2, Jan van Rijswijk1, Sandra G L Schruijer3
1Department of Organization, Open Universiteit, Heerlen, the Netherlands.
Journal of healthcare leadership
|January 7, 2026
まとめ
医療アクションチーム(HAT)における協調的リーダーシップは、適応的な調整を通じて患者ケアを向上させる。その有効性は、組織的支援とチームの力学にかかっており、複雑な臨床設定のための機能的フレームワークを提供する。
科学分野:
- ヘルスケアマネジメント
- チームリーダーシップ
- 組織行動
背景:
- 医療アクションチーム(HAT)は、最適な患者転帰のために効果的な協調を要求する高圧環境に直面している。HATにおける協調的リーダーシップに関する既存の文献は断片的であり、一貫した用語と統合された知見が不足している。
研究 の 目的:
- HATにおける協調的リーダーシップの概念化、操作化、および評価を系統的にレビューすること。協調的リーダーシップの形態、支援/制約メカニズム、組織的要因、およびチームパフォーマンスと患者ケアへの影響を特定すること。
主な方法:
- PRISMAガイドラインに準拠した系統的文献レビュー。Web of ScienceおよびEBSCOhostで検索を実施し、2025年9月までに発表された56の査読付き論文を選択した。機能的リーダーシップ理論と社会的差別化モデルを用いて、研究課題に基づいて分析をガイドし、統合した。
主要な成果:
- 垂直的(階層的)および水平的(分散型)なリーダーシップの2つの形態を特定した。協調的リーダーシップは、チームの適応性、共有メンタルモデル、心理的安全性、およびコミュニケーションを改善する。有効性は、組織階層、専門職のアイデンティティ、タスクの複雑さ、およびチームの親密度に影響される。
結論:
- HATにおける協調的リーダーシップは、臨床設定における適応的調整に不可欠な、動的で文脈依存的なプロセスである。適切な組織構造とチーム条件は、コミュニケーション、信頼、および患者の安全性を向上させる。厳格な階層または不明確な役割は、協調的リーダーシップの有効性を低下させる可能性がある。理解と将来の研究のために機能的レンズを提案する。
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