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中東における好酸球性食道炎:包括的系統的レビューからの洞察
Nouran Alwisi1, Sidra Abdul Moqeeth1, Muneera Al-Mohannadi1,2
1College of Medicine, QU Health Qatar University Doha Qatar.
まとめ
中東における好酸球性食道炎(EoE)は、症状と管理において世界的なパターンを示しています。しかし、特有の地域的要因と診断上の課題により、この慢性的な食道疾患に対する認識の向上と標準化されたプロトコルの必要性が示唆されています。
科学分野:
- 消化器病学; 免疫学; 疫学
背景:
- 好酸球性食道炎(EoE)は、世界的な発生率が上昇している慢性的な免疫介在性の食道疾患です。中東におけるEoEに関するデータは限られており、断片的です。このレビューは、中東の集団におけるEoEに関するエビデンスを統合するものです。
研究 の 目的:
- 中東におけるEoEの臨床的提示を包括的にレビューすること。アレルギー性併存疾患、診断慣行、および管理戦略を分析すること。EoEケアにおける地域特異性と課題を特定すること。
主な方法:
- 2025年7月までの主要なデータベース(PubMed、Scopus、Embase、Web of Science)の系統的検索。中東諸国のEoE患者に関するオリジナルデータを報告する研究の包含。Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)ツールを使用したデータ抽出と品質評価。
主要な成果:
- 67件の研究、中東11カ国からの2870人のEoE患者を分析しました。成人では男性優位(2:1)、小児では(2.5:1)でした。嚥下困難と食物閉塞が主な症状でした。アレルギー性併存疾患が一般的でした。診断基準は一貫していましたが、診断不足が指摘されました。粘膜リモデリングと狭窄は診断の遅延を示唆しています。PPI、コルチコステロイド、食事療法が主な治療法でした。
結論:
- 中東のEoE患者は、世界的な臨床および管理パターンを共有しています。食事やアレルギーなどの地域的要因、および診断上の課題には注意が必要です。最適なEoEケアのためには、臨床医の認識向上と標準化された診断プロトコルが不可欠です。
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