SIRPαの構造的可塑性を工学的に操作し、構造ベースの創薬に適した隠れたポケットを明らかにする
M Storder1, S Barelier1, F Cordier2,3
1CRCM, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|January 7, 2026
まとめ
研究者らは、がん免疫療法における重要な標的であるSIRPαの新しい薬剤標的化可能な隠しポケットを発見した。この隠しポケットは
科学分野:
- 生化学
- 構造生物学
- 免疫学
背景:
- シグナル調節タンパク質アルファ(SIRPα)-CD47相互作用は、腫瘍が免疫回避に利用する重要な免疫チェックポイントである。
- このチェックポイントを標的とする既存の抗体療法は、平坦な結合界面のために課題に直面しており、低分子阻害剤の開発を制限している。
研究 の 目的:
- 低分子阻害剤開発のためのSIRPα内の新規薬剤標的化部位の同定。
- SIRPαにおける新発見の隠しポケットへのアクセスを制御するメカニズムの特性評価。
主な方法:
- X線結晶構造解析を用いた構造ベースのフラグメントスクリーニング。
- NMR分光法、分子動力学シミュレーション、および生物物理学的アッセイ。
- SIRPα変異体の工学化のための部位特異的変異誘発。
主要な成果:
- SIRPα D1ドメインにおける新規薬剤標的化可能な隠しポケット(WYFポケット)の発見。
- コンフォメーション平衡を介してポケットへのアクセスを制御するゲートキーパー残基としてのGln52の同定。
- 工学的に改変されたSIRPα変異体は、CD47結合親和性の変化と低分子フラグメント結合の強化を示した。
結論:
- SIRPαは、隠しポケットの標的化を可能にする固有のコンフォメーション的可塑性を有する。
- 非結合型コンフォメーションを捕捉する「柔軟性による阻害」戦略は、アロステリック阻害剤の開発のために検証されている。
- このアプローチは、SIRPα-CD47およびその他の困難な免疫チェックポイントを標的とするためのロードマップを提供する。
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