進行大腸癌患者に対するネオアンチゲン樹状細胞ワクチンと従来の化学療法の併用

Over the past decade, neoantigen dendritic cell (DC) vaccination has emerged as a promising personalized cancer immunotherapy based on genomic analysis. To further assess the clinical utility of this approach, additional data on the efficacy of neoantigen DC vaccination are needed. A 65-year-old male patient underwent curative surgical resection for pStage IIIB transverse colon cancer, followed by adjuvant DC vaccination combined with conventional chemotherapy for 6 months postoperatively. The neoantigen DC vaccination effectively reduced elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Moreover, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) isolated from the patient's peripheral blood demonstrated specific recognition of the neoantigen peptides. Our findings suggest that CTLs recognizing tumor-specific neoantigens may play an important role in immune surveillance against cancer recurrence. The patient remains alive and disease-free 16 months after surgery.