研究ノート：分子動力学シミュレーションと16S rRNA解析に基づく若齢ブロイラーにおけるモノラウリン酸グリセロールの脂質代謝への影響の検討

This study aimed to investigate the effects of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on lipid metabolism in young broilers, with focus on the AMPKα1 protein and the cecal microbiota. A total of 144 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned to two groups, with each group consisting of six replicates of twelve birds. The groups were fed diets supplemented with either 0 or 1,200 mg/kg of GML for a period of 14 d. The results showed that GML increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the serum (P < 0.05) while reducing total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and aspartate aminotransferase levels (P < 0.05). GML also decreased liver lipid droplets and increased the mRNA levels of AMPKα1, CPT1, ApoB, and LXR (P < 0.05). Molecular docking results indicated that GML exhibited good binding affinity with AMPKα1. Root-mean-square deviation values for AMPKα1 and the AMPKα1/GML complex remained stable at 1 to 2 Å within the first 50 ns. The residues in the AMPKα1/GML complex exhibited root-mean-square fluctuation values of less than 2 Å, and the binding energy of the complex was -133.515 kJ/mol. Moreover, GML significantly increased the expression levels of GPR119 and AMPKα1 in the jejunum (P < 0.05). Notably, the genera CHKC1001, Coprobacter, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG_005 were significantly enriched in the GML group (P < 0.05). PICRUSt2 function prediction revealed that GML-induced alterations in the cecal microbiota primarily involved fatty acid degradation (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 1200 mg/kg GML enhanced lipid metabolism in young broilers.