機械的人工換気中の患者における呼吸困難と呼吸駆動の関係:前向き観察研究
Chie Hatozaki1, Hideaki Sakuramoto2, Gen Aikawa3
1Intensive Care Unit, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan.
まとめ
人工呼吸中の患者(MV)で高い呼吸駆動は肺損傷を引き起こす可能性がある。この研究では、MV患者、特に深い鎮静下にある患者において、呼吸困難スケールと呼吸駆動(P0.1)との間に弱い負の相関関係が認められた。
科学分野:
- クリティカルケア医学
- 呼吸生理学
- 臨床測定
背景:
- 人工呼吸中の高い呼吸駆動は、人工呼吸器関連肺障害のリスクとなる。
- MV患者における高い呼吸駆動と呼吸困難との関連は、よく定義されていない。
研究 の 目的:
- MVを受けている患者における3つの呼吸困難評価スケールと呼吸駆動(P0.1)の関係を調査すること。
- 主観的な呼吸困難と呼吸仕事量の客観的指標との関連を明らかにすること。
主な方法:
- 2020年2月から2022年3月にかけてICUで実施された前向き観察研究で、MV >24時間が必要な成人患者を含めた。
- 3つの検証済みスケールを用いて呼吸困難を評価し、気道閉塞圧(P0.1)によって呼吸駆動を測定した。
- 呼吸困難スコアとP0.1の関係を分析するためにピアソンの相関係数を使用した。
主要な成果:
- 全体コホートにおいて、3つの呼吸困難スケールとP0.1の間には弱い負の相関関係が観察された(r = -0.293~-0.240)。
- 層別解析により、深い鎮静群ではより強い弱い負の相関関係が明らかになった(r = -0.347~-0.325)。
- 疾患または重症度別の層別解析では、有意な相関関係は認められなかった。
結論:
- MV患者において、主観的な呼吸困難評価と客観的な呼吸駆動(P0.1)との間には、弱い負の相関関係が存在する。
- 鎮静レベルは、知覚された呼吸困難と呼吸駆動の関係に影響を与える可能性がある。
- この複雑な関係を完全に理解するためには、さらなる研究が必要である。
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