外陰膣カンジダ症:系統的レビューとメタアナリシスによる世界的展望
Zahra Rafat1, Nadia Alipour2, Ehsan Esmaeili3
1Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Microbial pathogenesis
|January 9, 2026
まとめ
外陰膣カンジダ症(VVC)は世界中の32%以上の女性に影響を与え、カンジダ・アルビカンスが最も一般的な原因です。おりものや掻痒感などの症状が一般的ですが、VVCの疫学における地域差は、標準化された診断および報告方法の必要性を強調しています。
科学分野:
- mycology; epidemiology; infectious diseases
背景:
- 外陰膣カンジダ症(VVC)は、臨床的に大きな影響を与える一般的な感染症です。VVCの疫学を理解することは、世界中の患者の転帰を改善するために不可欠です。
研究 の 目的:
- VVCの世界的な有病率を系統的にレビューし、メタアナリシスを行うこと。VVCに関連する一般的な病原体、危険因子、および臨床症状を特定すること。
主な方法:
- 1995年から2023年までの研究の系統的レビューとメタアナリシス。120万人以上の女性が関与した114の集団ベースの研究を含めました。PRISMAガイドラインに従い、異質性はI²指数を用いて評価しました。
主要な成果:
- VVCの世界的なプール有病率は32.59%と推定され、高い異質性(I² = 99.8%)を示しました。カンジダ・アルビカンスが主要な病原体として特定されました。妊娠と経口避妊薬の使用が一般的な危険因子であり、カード状のおりものと性器のかゆみが主な症状でした。
結論:
- VVCの相当な世界的な負担が存在し、地域差が大きいです。一般的な症状は、資源の限られた状況での症状ベースの診断を支持します。文脈に応じた診断アプローチと標準化された疫学的方法の必要性が強調されました。
関連する概念動画
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
246
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
246
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
13.2K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
13.2K
Sexually Transmitted Infections
909
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
909
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology
559
The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
559
Surface Membrane Barriers
2.6K
The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
2.6K
Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction
528
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
528


