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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

469
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
469
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

817
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
817
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

914
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
914
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

1.4K
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
1.4K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

532
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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活動性結核の発症に関連する腸内細菌叢パターンの決定：症例対照研究

Manoj Sahu1, Gaurav Agarwal2, Gaurav Jain3

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences
|January 12, 2026
PubMed
まとめ

活動性結核（TB）は腸内細菌叢の異常と関連しており、TB患者では微生物の多様性の低下と細菌組成の変化が観察されています。これらの腸内細菌叢の変化は、TBの診断と治療のための洞察を提供する可能性があります。

キーワード:
16S rRNAシーケンシング腸内細菌叢の異常腸内細菌叢微生物多様性結核

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科学分野:

  • 微生物学
  • 免疫学
  • 感染症

背景:

  • 腸内細菌叢は、全身の免疫と結核（TB）のような感染症への感受性に大きく影響する。
  • TB患者における腸内微生物プロファイルを理解することは、疾患関連シグネチャを特定するために重要である。

研究 の 目的:

  • 活動性肺結核患者と健常対照群の腸内微生物プロファイルを比較する。
  • 活動性TBの発症に関連する可能性のある微生物シグネチャを特定する。

主な方法:

  • 45人の未治療TB患者と45人の健常対照群を含む症例対照研究。
  • 微生物の多様性と組成を評価するための16S rRNAシーケンシングを用いた便サンプル分析。
  • Mann-Whitney U検定やLEfSeなどの統計分析による差次的分類群の同定。

主要な成果:

  • TB患者は対照群と比較して有意に低いアルファ多様性（シャノン指数）を示した（P < 0.001）。
  • TB症例ではProteobacteriaの相対存在量が多かった。
  • 対照群ではFirmicutesとBacteroidetesの存在量が多く、活動性TBにおける炎症促進性の腸内細菌叢シフトを示唆している。

結論:

  • 活動性結核は、多様性の低下と細菌組成の変化を特徴とする腸内細菌叢の異常と関連している。
  • 同定された微生物シグネチャは、TBの早期診断に役立つ可能性がある。
  • 腸内細菌叢の変化は、TBに対する将来の腸内細菌叢ベースの介入の潜在的な標的となる。