運動参加の種類と大学生アスリートの認知機能
Zarek O Harper1, Melissa N Anderson2, Margot Putukian3
1Otolaryngology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States.
International journal of sports medicine
|January 12, 2026
まとめ
衝突型スポーツへの参加は、特にトレイルメイキングテストの差(TMT-Diff)のような実行機能タスクにおいて、認知パフォーマンスに影響を与える可能性がある。衝突型スポーツのアスリートは、非接触型アスリートと比較してTMT-Diff時間が遅かった。
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- スポーツ医学
- 認知心理学
背景:
- 接触型および衝突型スポーツにおける神経認知障害に関する懸念が存在する。
- アスリートの幸福のために、スポーツの種類が認知機能に与える影響を理解することは非常に重要である。
研究 の 目的:
- スポーツの種類(衝突型、接触型、非接触型)が認知パフォーマンスに与える影響を調査すること。
- アスリートを対象にトレイルメイキングテスト(TMT)を用いて認知機能を評価すること。
主な方法:
- 2つの大学の543人のアスリートをスポーツの種類別に分類した。
- 参加者はトレイルメイキングテスト(TMT)を完了し、TMT-A、TMT-B、およびTMT-Diffを評価した。
- 共分散分析(ANCOVA)により、潜在的な交絡変数を調整した。
主要な成果:
- スポーツグループ間でTMT-AまたはTMT-Bの完了時間に有意差は見られなかった。
- TMT-Diffパフォーマンスに有意差が観察された(p=0.002)、衝突型アスリートは成績が悪かった。
- 事後検定により、非接触型アスリートと比較して、接触型/衝突型アスリートはTMT-Diff時間が有意に遅いことが明らかになった(p=0.001)。
結論:
- 衝突型アスリートにおけるTMT-Diffパフォーマンスの悪化は、継続的な認知モニタリングの必要性を示唆している。
- 特定の障害にもかかわらず、衝突型スポーツのアスリートは、TMT-Diffにおいて一般的な大学生よりも優れたパフォーマンスを示した。
- スポーツへの参加を含む身体活動は、認知的な利益をもたらす可能性がある。
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