117カ国にわたる宗教の文化的多様性
Jeanet Sinding Bentzen1, Anne Sofie Beck Knudsen2, Lena Lindbjerg Sperling3
1University of Copenhagen, Department of Economics, Copenhagen, Denmark. jeanet.bentzen@econ.ku.dk.
Nature communications
|January 12, 2026
まとめ
宗教は、家族、政治、または仕事における違いを大幅に上回り、文化的価値観の中で最も大きな世界的多様性を示しています。これは、世界的な文化の違いを形成する上で宗教の重要な役割を強調しています。
科学分野:
- 社会科学
- 文化人類学
- 社会学
背景:
- 人間の社会は、文化的価値観、信念、選好において実質的な多様性を示します。
- 文化的多様性の推進要因を理解することは、世界的な社会の違いを理解するための鍵となります。
研究 の 目的:
- どの文化的特徴が最も顕著な国を越えた変動を示すかを特定すること。
- 他の文化的価値観と比較して、宗教性の多様性を定量化すること。
主な方法:
- 117カ国からの640,110人の個人を対象とした調査データ(世界価値観調査およびヨーロッパ価値観調査)の分析。
- 国を越えた多様性を測定するために、文化的固定指数と単純な分散を使用しました。
- 宗教的重点の多様性を、家族、政治、および仕事への意欲の重点と比較しました。
主要な成果:
- 宗教は、分析された文化的特徴の中で、国を越えた最大の多様性を一貫して示しています。
- 宗教への個人の重点は、家族、政治、または仕事への重点よりも世界的に5〜10倍多く変動します。
- 国を越えた宗教グループの所属の違いは、他の任意加入団体よりも大きいです。
結論:
- 宗教は、社会間の文化の違いを推進する主要な要因です。
- 宗教性の国を越えた変動は、宗教的伝統と個人の関与の強度の両方によって影響されます。
- 宗教は、多様な世界の社会にわたる文化の風景を大きく形作っています。
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