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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
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複雑性ADHDを持つトランスジェンダー青年：症例研究と臨床的示唆

Yiran Wang1, Wenqing Jiang1, Xiyan Zhang2

  • 1Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Clinical child psychology and psychiatry
|January 13, 2026
PubMed
まとめ

この症例研究は、ADHDおよび併存疾患を持つトランスジェンダー青年を提示する。薬物療法と心理的介入を含む効果的な治療は、情動調節を改善し、衝動的な行動を減少させた。

キーワード:
複雑性注意欠陥多動性障害物質使用トランスジェンダー

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科学分野:

  • 小児内分泌学
  • 神経発達障害
  • 青年精神医学

背景:

  • 年々、トランスジェンダーまたはジェンダー多様性と自己認識し、ジェンダー肯定ケアを求める青年の数が増加している。
  • 注意欠陥多動性障害（ADHD）の有病率は、トランスジェンダーおよびジェンダー多様性の青年において高い。
  • トランスジェンダー青年のためのジェンダー肯定医療へのアクセスは依然として限られている。

研究 の 目的:

  • ADHDおよび併存疾患を持つトランスジェンダー青年の症例を提示すること。
  • この複雑な症例の治療アプローチと結果を記述すること。
  • ADHDを持つトランスジェンダー青年のための統合的でライフコース指向のケアの必要性を強調すること。

主な方法:

  • ADHD、ジェンダー違和症、物質使用、気分障害を持つ15歳の青年の症例提示。
  • 抗精神病薬および抗うつ薬を含む薬物療法。
  • 心理的介入。

主要な成果:

  • 患者は情動調節の改善を示した。
  • 衝動的な行動の減少が観察された。
  • ジェンダー違和症と並行して併存疾患の管理が成功した。

結論:

  • トランスジェンダー特有のストレス要因および物質乱用防止に対処するライフコース指向のケアの必要性を強調する。
  • ADHD治療とジェンダー肯定ホルモン療法の安全性とのバランスを取りながら、併存疾患に合わせた薬物療法に関する研究の緊急の必要性を強調する。
  • ADHDを持つトランスジェンダーおよびジェンダー多様性の青年のための包括的なケアモデルを提唱する。