局所進行頭頸部癌におけるオキサリプラチンおよびシスプラチンを基盤とする同時化学放射線療法の比較を目的とした第II相非盲検ランダム化比較試験
まとめ
オキサリプラチンを基盤とする化学放射線療法(CCRT)は、局所進行頭頸部癌(LAHNC)において、シスプラチンを基盤とするCCRTと比較して、有意に良好な毒性プロファイルを示します。このオキサリプラチンアプローチは、疾患制御において同等であると考えられ、より大規模な試験でのさらなる調査が推奨されます。
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 放射線療法
- 頭頸部癌治療
背景:
- シスプラチンを用いた同時化学放射線療法(CCRT)は、局所進行頭頸部癌(LAHNC)の標準治療です。
- シスプラチンを用いたCCRTは、治療関連毒性が顕著です。
- オキサリプラチンは、シスプラチンと同様の放射線増感メカニズムを共有しています。
研究 の 目的:
- 非鼻咽頭癌のLAHNCにおけるCCRTにおけるオキサリプラチンとシスプラチンの毒性プロファイルを比較すること。
- 副次的評価項目として、コンプライアンス、領域内制御(LRC)、無病生存期間(DFS)、および全生存期間(OS)を評価すること。
主な方法:
- CCRTにおける週1回のオキサリプラチン(50 mg/m2)と週1回のシスプラチン(40 mg/m2)を比較する前向き試験。
- 70例のLAHNC患者をランダムに割り付けました(各群35例)。
- 主要評価項目:毒性プロファイル。副次的評価項目:コンプライアンス、LRC、DFS、OS。
主要な成果:
- オキサリプラチン群では31%、シスプラチン群では77%にグレード3以上の急性毒性が認められました(P = 0.007)。
- 推定3年および5年のLRC、DFS、OSには、両群間で統計学的に有意な差はありませんでした。
- 中央値追跡期間は18ヶ月でした。
結論:
- 非鼻咽頭癌のLAHNCにおいて、オキサリプラチンを用いたCCRTは、シスプラチンと比較して優れた毒性プロファイルを示します。
- オキサリプラチンを基盤とするCCRTは、疾患制御に関してシスプラチンと同等であると考えられます。
- オキサリプラチンを基盤とするCCRTのLRCおよび生存期間データについて、さらに評価するために、より大規模な試験が推奨されます。
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