自律神経系による心臓調節における呼吸と中枢運動制御の相互作用
Pauline Doussineau1, Antoine Mariani1, Laurent Reale1
1University of La Réunion, UFRSHE, IRISSE Laboratory (EA4075), Le Tampon, France.
The journal of physiological sciences : JPS
|January 13, 2026
まとめ
随意運動は呼吸の影響を凌駕し、心臓自律神経調節に大きく影響する。運動の復帰期における呼気に焦点を当てることで、副交感神経系の活動を維持することができるかもしれない。
科学分野:
- 心血管生理学
- 自律神経系調節
- 運動生理学
背景:
- 心臓自律神経調節における身体トレーニングの適応は、運動の健康上の利点にとって重要である。
- 運動指令、呼吸、自律神経応答の間の相互作用を理解することは極めて重要である。
研究 の 目的:
- 中枢運動指令、呼吸数、呼気タイミングが、孤立した関節運動中にどのように相互作用するかを調査すること。
- 心臓自律神経調節に対する優位な影響を決定すること:運動指令か、呼吸パターンか。
主な方法:
- 15人の健康なボランティアが、様々な条件下(能動的/受動的運動、呼吸数、呼気タイミング)で脚伸展課題を実施した。
- 自律神経および副交感神経調節を評価するために、RR間隔および心拍変動(HRV)を分析した。
- 様々な実験条件を比較するために、ランダム化クロスオーバーデザインを使用した。
主要な成果:
- 随意運動制御は、自律神経および副交感神経調節の指標を著しく低下させた。
- 低速ペースの呼吸(6-12サイクル/分)は、自律神経および副交感神経調節を強化した。
- 運動指令は、呼吸数に関係なく、心臓自律神経調節に対して優位な影響を示した。
- 運動の復帰期における呼気は、副交感神経活動の増加と関連していた。
結論:
- 中枢運動指令は、心臓自律神経調節の調節において主要な役割を果たしている。
- 呼吸数は自律神経調節に影響を与えるが、その効果は運動指令に対して二次的である。
- 運動の回復期における呼気タイミングの最適化は、副交感神経機能を維持するための戦略である可能性がある。
関連する概念動画
Physiology of Respiration II: Neurogenic Control of Respiration
1.8K
The neurogenic control of respiration coordinates various neural networks and pathways to regulate breathing rate and depth, meeting the body's oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange requirements. This system adapts to physiological and environmental conditions, ensuring optimal breathing patterns.
Central Control
The brainstem is the primary site of central control, hosting respiratory centers:
Central Control
The brainstem is the primary site of central control, hosting respiratory centers:
1.8K
Neural Control of Respiration
4.5K
The neural regulation of respiration is a meticulously coordinated process primarily controlled by the respiratory centers located within the brainstem. These centers, composed of specialized neurons, transmit nerve impulses that control the contraction and relaxation of our respiratory muscles.
Respiratory Centers in the Brainstem
Two primary areas comprise the respiratory center: the medullary respiratory center in the medulla oblongata and the pontine respiratory group in the pons. The...
Respiratory Centers in the Brainstem
Two primary areas comprise the respiratory center: the medullary respiratory center in the medulla oblongata and the pontine respiratory group in the pons. The...
4.5K
Physiological Control of Respiration
5.8K
Introduction
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
5.8K
Other Factors Affecting Respiration Centers
1.4K
Breathing is primarily an involuntary activity regulated by the brainstem respiratory centers. However, it can also be consciously controlled, allowing us to hold our breath or take deeper breaths when needed. This voluntary control is facilitated by the cerebral motor cortex, which bypasses the medullary centers to stimulate the respiratory muscles directly.
However, the ability to hold one's breath voluntarily is not limitless. When the CO2 concentration in the blood reaches a critical...
However, the ability to hold one's breath voluntarily is not limitless. When the CO2 concentration in the blood reaches a critical...
1.4K
Regulation of the Cardiovascular System
3.6K
The regulation of the cardiovascular system allows the body to adapt to various demands and maintain homeostasis.
The regulation of the cardiovascular system involves the autonomic nervous system (ANS), baroreceptors, and chemoreceptors, ensuring that heart rate and blood pressure are appropriately modulated in response to varying physiological demands.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system enhances...
The regulation of the cardiovascular system involves the autonomic nervous system (ANS), baroreceptors, and chemoreceptors, ensuring that heart rate and blood pressure are appropriately modulated in response to varying physiological demands.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system enhances...
3.6K
Chemical Factors Affecting Respiration Centers
2.1K
Chemical factors such as changing CO2, O2, and H+ levels in arterial blood play a critical role in influencing respiration depth and rates. These variations are detected by chemoreceptors—specialized sensors located in two primary body areas. Central chemoreceptors are found throughout the brain stem, including the ventrolateral medulla, while peripheral chemoreceptors are located in the aortic arch and carotid arteries.
CO2 has a potent influence on respiration and is strictly regulated....
CO2 has a potent influence on respiration and is strictly regulated....
2.1K


