退院移行支援プログラムにおける異質性と不整合なインセンティブ:マルチサイト迅速質的研究からの洞察
Himali Weerahandi1, Mark V Williams2, Molly A Rosenthal3
1Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Journal of hospital medicine
|January 14, 2026
まとめ
ケア移行(ToC)プログラムは、断片化や患者のニーズへの対応失敗など、重大な障壁に直面しています。患者の安全性を向上させるには、健康関連の社会的ニーズ(HRSNs)に対処し、患者中心のケアを優先する必要があります。
科学分野:
- ヘルスケア提供研究
- 患者安全イニシアチブ
- 医療サービス研究
背景:
- ケア移行(ToC)プログラムは患者の安全性にとって重要ですが、米国の一部の病院では成功度が様々です。
- 多重疾患と健康関連の社会的ニーズ(HRSNs)は、ToCプログラムの実装に特有の課題をもたらします。
- 病院医師は退院計画における主要な関係者であり、効果的なToCへの障壁を特定しています。
研究 の 目的:
- ToCプログラムの成功、失敗、実装上の障害に関する病院医師の見解を調査すること。
- 病院から地域社会への移行における課題を理解すること。
主な方法:
- 迅速な質的研究デザインが採用されました。
- 病院医療再編成ネットワーク(HOMERuN)の参加者との仮想フォーカスグループが実施されました。
- 混合誘導・演繹的フレームワークがデータ分析とテーマ特定を促進しました。
主要な成果:
- 19の組織から22人の病院医師が参加しました。包括的なToCプログラムは普遍的に提供されていませんでした。主なテーマには、診断別プログラムによる断片化、退院後のフォローアップの障壁(予約、保険、地理)、患者の好み、HRSNs、健康リテラシー、リソース、リーダーシップへの不十分な配慮が含まれていました。成功するプログラムには、制度的コミットメント、資金提供、専門職間の協力、地域社会との関与が必要であり、金銭的投資収益率よりも患者中心のケアに焦点を当てる必要があります。
結論:
- 現在のToCプログラムは断片化しており、安全で公平な患者の移行を損なっています。
- HRSNsへの対処、リーダーシップの支援の確保、患者中心のケアの優先は、ToCの結果を向上させるために不可欠です。
- 効果的なケア移行には、短期的な財務目標を超えて患者の幸福を追求することが不可欠です。
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