小児患者における嚥下障害診断の重要性：学際的アプローチ

Pediatric dysphagia represents a complex and multifactorial clinical challenge with potentially profound implications for development, nutritional status, pulmonary health, and overall quality of life. In infants and children, the early identification of swallowing difficulties is critical due to their impact on growth trajectories, neurodevelopment, and the psychosocial well-being of both the child and caregivers. This comprehensive article examines the importance of a systematic, interdisciplinary diagnostic approach in evaluating pediatric dysphagia in a university hospital. Based on a ten-year retrospective cohort study involving 223 pediatric patients aged one month to sixteen years, we investigate how the integration of clinical history, physical examination, and state-of-the-art instrumental techniques - such as flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) - within a collaborative, multi-specialist framework can enhance diagnostic precision. Findings underscore the necessity of individualized, developmentally sensitive diagnostic pathways involving phoniatricions, ENT specialists, pediatricians, speech-language pathologists, radiologists and nutrition experts.