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欲求の改訂報酬理論
Jeremy Pober1,2
1Language, Mind, and Cognition Group, Centre of Philosophy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
まとめ
この研究は、欲求が報酬を経験するだけでなく、報酬を予測することから生じると提案する改訂報酬理論を導入する。これは、意欲と道徳的責任の理解を再構築するものである。
科学分野:
- 心の哲学
- 神経科学
- 道徳心理学
背景:
- 欲求の報酬理論は、報酬系が結果を報酬として扱う状態が欲求であると仮定する。
- この理論は、報酬系の神経認知アーキテクチャを説明する上で課題に直面している。
研究 の 目的:
- 欲求の改訂報酬理論を提案し、明確に述べる。
- 元の報酬理論と報酬系の構造との互換性のなさを実証する。
- 特に道徳的責任と依存症に関する、この改訂理論の哲学的含意を探る。
主な方法:
- 報酬系の神経認知構造に基づく理論的議論。
- ArpalyおよびSchroederの欲求の報酬理論を含む、既存の理論の分析。
- 依存症や道徳的責任などの事例研究への改訂報酬理論の適用。
主要な成果:
- 報酬系の構造は、元の報酬理論とは互換性がないが、改訂報酬理論とは互換性がある。
- 欲求は、報酬の受領ではなく、報酬系の報酬の期待または予測としての同一視される。
- 経験された報酬と予測された報酬の区別は、意欲と道徳的責任を理解する上で重要である。
結論:
- 改訂報酬理論は、欲求のより正確な神経認知モデルを提供する。
- この改訂理論は、依存症が道徳的責任に与える影響を理解する上で重要な意味を持つ。
- 自然種主義は、心の研究における経験的発見と哲学的概念を統合するための堅牢な枠組みを提供する。
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