身体活動を行う成人における栄養素の欠乏に関する性差
Grant M Tinsley1, Marleigh Hefner2, Philip Sapp3
1Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
Journal of nutritional science
|January 16, 2026
まとめ
運動を行う成人、特に女性は、ビタミンC、D、Eなどの栄養素の欠乏が見られる。今後の研究では、この集団における微量栄養素摂取の改善と健康増進のための介入策を検討する必要がある。
背景:
- 栄養素の欠乏は、推奨摂取量と実際の摂取量の乖離と定義され、通常、推定平均必要量(EAR)を用いて評価される。
- 栄養素の欠乏は一般集団で報告されているが、運動成人におけるその有病率は十分に研究されていない。
- これらの欠乏を理解することは、身体活動の高い個人の健康とパフォーマンスを最適化するために不可欠である。
研究 の 目的:
- 健康な運動成人における栄養素の欠乏の有無とその程度を調査すること。
- この集団で一般的に摂取不足となっている特定のビタミンとミネラルを特定すること。
- 運動成人における栄養素摂取量の性差の可能性を検討すること。
主な方法:
- Automated Self-Administered 24-hour (ASA24®) Dietary Assessment Tool を介して、226人の健康な運動成人(女性154人、男性72人)から681件の食事記録を利用した。
- 栄養素の欠乏を特定するために、17種類のビタミンとミネラルの摂取量をそれぞれのEAR値と比較した。
- 絶対および相対的な微量栄養素摂取量における性差についてデータを分析した。
主要な成果:
- 両性ともに、中央値としてのビタミンD摂取量はEARを下回り、ビタミンE摂取量は女性のみEARを下回った。女性参加者の50%以上が、カルシウム、葉酸、マグネシウム、ビタミンA、C、D、Eの摂取量がEARを下回っていた。男性参加者の50%以上が、ビタミンC、D、Eの摂取量がEARを下回っていた。17種類の微量栄養素のうち16種類で有意な性差が観察され、女性の方が摂取量が低かった。
結論:
- 運動を行う成人、特に女性は、いくつかの主要な微量栄養素の摂取不足を示している。
- この活動的な集団における微量栄養素摂取パターンには、有意な性差が存在する。
- 運動を行う成人のビタミンおよびミネラル摂取量を強化し、健康とパフォーマンスの結果を改善する可能性のある、標的を絞った介入に関するさらなる研究が保証される。
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