加工食品の摂取は、食事由来の終末糖化産物により記憶機能を損なう
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|January 16, 2026
まとめ
終末糖化産物(AGE)が豊富な加工食品の早期摂取は、記憶を損ない、腸内細菌叢を変化させる。これらの効果は神経炎症と関連しており、AGEの阻害によって予防できる。
科学分野:
- 神経科学;微生物学;栄養科学
背景:
- 熱処理されることが多い加工食品には、健康への悪影響と関連する終末糖化産物(AGE)が含まれている。;食事性AGEの神経認知への影響、特に幼少期からの曝露による影響は、よく理解されていない。
研究 の 目的:
- 思春期におけるAGEを豊富に含む食事の行動および神経プロセスへの長期的な影響を調査すること。;食事性AGEが記憶およびシナプス機能に影響を与えるメカニズムを解明すること。
主な方法:
- ラットに思春期中に熱処理によって誘発されたAGEを豊富に含む食事を与えた。;行動テストで記憶機能を評価し、海馬組織でシナプス神経伝達および補体系の発現を分析した。;腸内細菌叢の組成を分析した。
主要な成果:
- AGEを豊富に含む食事は、肥満を引き起こすことなく、海馬の記憶機能を損ない、腸内細菌叢を変化させた。;記憶障害は、海馬のグルタミン酸作動性神経伝達の障害および補体系の発現変化と相関していた。;AGEは補体受容体に対して競合的拮抗薬として作用し、直接的なシナプス相互作用を示唆していた。
結論:
- 幼少期の食事性AGEへの曝露は、神経認知および腸内細菌叢に悪影響を及ぼす。;AGEは海馬シナプスにおける補体系との直接的な相互作用を通じて記憶を損なう可能性がある。;AGE阻害剤や特定のプロバイオティクス(例:ラクトコッカス・ラクティス)などの介入により、これらの悪影響を予防できる。
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