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関連する概念動画

Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

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The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
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Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
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The oral stage is the initial phase of Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development, occurring from birth to approximately 12 to 18 months. During this period, the infant's mouth serves as the primary source of pleasure, with actions such as sucking, chewing, biting, and drinking playing a crucial role in reducing tension. These activities are essential not only for nourishment but also for the infant's psychological and emotional satisfaction.
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Sulfonylureas are oral hypoglycemic agents utilized in treating type 2 diabetes. They are characterized by their unique sulfonylurea chemical structure. The family of sulfonylureas is divided into generations. First-generation sulfonylureas, including tolbutamide (Orinase), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), and tolazamide (Tolinase), trigger insulin release from pancreatic β cells and enhance peripheral tissues' insulin sensitivity. The second-generation members, such as glipizide...
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Here are the steps to accurately measure oral temperature using an electronic thermometer:
Step 1:
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Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
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Non-oral extravascular routes, which encompass sublingual, buccal, topical, intramuscular, and inhalation methods, primarily utilize passive diffusion to transport drugs into the systemic circulation. The absorption rates and effectiveness of these routes depend on the drug's physicochemical properties, as well as the patient's anatomical and pathophysiological state.
Lipophilic drugs that are stable at salivary pH (6) and exhibit minimal binding to the oral mucosa are absorbed more...
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Modeling Oral-Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in 3D Organoids
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深層視覚検出システムによる口腔扁平上皮癌の検出

Kainat Akram1, Muhammad Aslam1, Talha Waheed1

  • 1Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.

Scientific reports
|January 19, 2026
PubMed
まとめ

本研究では、組織病理画像からの口腔扁平上皮癌（OSCC）の自動検出のためにEfficientNetB3を用いた深層視覚検出システム（DVDS）を紹介する。このシステムは高い精度を達成し、OSCC診断の迅速化と一貫性向上による患者予後の改善の可能性を示した。

キーワード:
二値分類癌検出コンピュータ支援診断EfficientNetB3健康リスク多クラス検出口腔扁平上皮癌

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科学分野:

  • 医用画像処理
  • 人工知能
  • 計算病理学

背景:

  • 口腔扁平上皮癌（OSCC）は重大な健康問題であり、正確かつタイムリーな診断が必要です。
  • OSCC診断のための従来の組織病理学的方法は主観的で時間がかかります。
  • 人工知能（AI）の進歩は、組織病理画像の客観的かつ効率的な分析の可能性を提供します。

研究 の 目的:

  • 口腔扁平上皮癌（OSCC）検出のための自動化された深層視覚検出システム（DVDS）を開発および評価すること。
  • OSCC分類のための異なる深層学習モデル（EfficientNetB3、DenseNet121、ResNet50）の性能を比較すること。
  • 組織病理画像からのOSCC診断におけるシステムの信頼性と堅牢性を評価すること。

主な方法:

  • EfficientNetB3、DenseNet121、ResNet50の3つの畳み込みニューラルネットワーク（CNN）モデルを使用しました。
  • Kaggle Oral Cancer DetectionおよびNDB-UFESの2つの公開データセットでモデルをトレーニングおよび評価しました。
  • EarlyStoppingおよびReduceLROnPlateauなどのデータ拡張、画像前処理、トレーニング戦略を採用しました。

主要な成果:

  • EfficientNetB3は優れた性能を示し、二値分類で97.05%、多クラス分類で97.16%の精度を達成しました。本システムは、両方のデータセットで高い精度、再現率、F1スコア、特異性を示しました。DenseNet121およびResNet50は、EfficientNetB3と比較して著しく低い精度を示しました。

結論:

  • EfficientNetB3を搭載した深層視覚検出システム（DVDS）は、OSCC診断において高い信頼性を示しています。
  • AI駆動型アプローチは、診断ワークフローを大幅に合理化し、病理医を支援できます。
  • この技術は、早期介入をサポートし、患者ケアを向上させるための臨床展開において強力な可能性を秘めています。