関連する実験動画

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Inkjet-printed Polyvinyl Alcohol Multilayers

Inkjet-printed Polyvinyl Alcohol Multilayers

Published on: May 11, 2017

ポリビニルアルコール廃水処理における鉄炭素微小電解の研究

Jian Zhou^1,2, Qingyun Xu¹, Xukui Wei³

¹School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China.

Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering

|January 20, 2026

Abstract:

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) wastewater was pretreated by iron-carbon (Fe/C) microelectrolysis. The effects of initial pH, reaction time, aeration volume, and iron-carbon dosing on chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate were investigated. The COD removal rate is used as the response function and the response surface method (RSM) is optimized. When the initial pH was 1.8, the reaction time was 2.5h, the aeration volume was 4.3 L/min, and the treatment concentration was 800 mg/L of polyvinyl alcohol wastewater, the COD removal rate was the highest, 62.26%, and the PVA removal rate reached 64.88%. Among them, reaction time and aeration volume are key factors in improving the treatment effect. Research shows that after pretreated PVA wastewater is treated by a microelectrolytic reactor, the organic pollutants in the wastewater can be basically completely degraded or converted, and the biochemical properties of the wastewater can be improved.

キーワード:

ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー PVA廃水紫外可視分光法微小電解応答曲面法

さらに関連する動画

Validation of Therapeutic Agent Conjugation to Polyvinyl Alcohol-Coated Medical Devices

Validation of Therapeutic Agent Conjugation to Polyvinyl Alcohol-Coated Medical Devices

Published on: November 29, 2024

Use of a Battery of Chemical and Ecotoxicological Methods for the Assessment of the Efficacy of Wastewater Treatment Processes to Remove Estrogenic Potency

Use of a Battery of Chemical and Ecotoxicological Methods for the Assessment of the Efficacy of Wastewater Treatment Processes to Remove Estrogenic Potency

Published on: September 11, 2016

関連する概念動画

The Carbon Cycle

The Carbon Cycle

Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.

Carbon Skeletons

Carbon Skeletons

Life on Earth is carbon-based, as all macromolecules that make up living organisms contain carbon atoms. All organic compounds have a carbon backbone. Each carbon atom is tetravalent and can bond with four other atoms, making it an extraordinarily flexible component of biological molecules. Because carbon’s valence electrons are stable, it rarely becomes an ion. As the carbon chain increases in length, structural modifications such as ring structures, double bonds, and branching side...

Oxidation of Alcohols

Oxidation of Alcohols

In this lesson, the oxidation of alcohols is discussed in depth. The various reagents used for oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols are detailed, and their mechanism of action is provided.
The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms:

Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis

Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis

Overview
Ethers can be prepared from organic compounds by various methods. Some of them are discussed below,
Preparation of Ethers by Alcohol Dehydration
In this method, in the presence of protic acids, alcohol dehydrates to produce alkenes and ethers under different conditions. For example, in the presence of sulphuric acid, dehydration of ethanol at 413 K yields ethoxyethane, whereas it yields ethene at 443 K.

Protection of Alcohols

Protection of Alcohols

This lesson delves into the concept of protection and deprotection of a functional group fundamental to synthetic organic chemistry. These phenomena are explained in the context of aliphatic and aromatic alcohols.
Protection
It defines a protecting group as the masking agent to make the more reactive species inert to a given set of conditions. This concept is depicted via the illustration of liquid flow through different outlets in an assembly of pipes. The analogy helps to understand the role...

Carbonation Shrinkage

Carbonation Shrinkage

Atmospheric CO2 penetrates the concrete's pores and, in the presence of moisture, forms carbonic acid, which then reacts with calcium hydroxide in the hydrated cement, forming calcium carbonate. This process reduces the concrete's volume and is termed carbonation shrinkage.
The concrete's permeability is slightly reduced as calcium carbonate produced during the reaction fills its pores. Furthermore, its strength is slightly enhanced as the water released during the reaction...