母体の肥満と胎児発育に対するヒト胎盤細胞および分子応答の解読
Hong Jiang1,2, Emilie Derisoud1, Denise Parreira1,2
1Karolinska Institutet, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Stockholm, Sweden.
Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|January 21, 2026
まとめ
母体の肥満は胎盤の遺伝子発現に影響を与え、特に在胎週数に応じた高出生体重児(LGA)出産に応答する細胞に影響を与える。これらの所見は、母体の肥満と胎児発育転帰に関連する特定の胎盤シグネチャを明らかにする。
科学分野:
- 生殖生物学、ゲノミクス、代謝の健康
背景:
- 母体の肥満は、在胎週数に応じた高出生体重児(LGA)出産などの有害な妊娠転帰と関連している。肥満母体の子供は、心血管代謝障害のリスク増加に直面する。胎盤の適応は、胎児の発達に対する母体肥満の影響を媒介する可能性がある。
研究 の 目的:
- 母体の肥満およびLGA出産に関連する胎盤遺伝子発現シグネチャを特定する。母体の肥満および胎児発育の文脈における胎盤細胞特異的応答を比較する。母体の肥満と胎盤機能障害を結びつける潜在的なメカニズムを調査する。
主な方法:
- 在胎週数に応じた適切な(またはLGA)乳児を出産した肥満女性および正常体重の対照群からの胎盤の一核RNAシーケンシング。シンシオトロホブラスト、サイトトロホブラスト、および絨毛性非栄養膜細胞における遺伝子発現パターンの分析。胎盤細胞応答をモデル化するために、マイクロ流体オルガノイド・オン・ア・チップシステムを利用した。
主要な成果:
- 母体の肥満は、胎児発育に関係なく、シンシオトロホブラストにおける低酸素症およびTNF-αシグナル伝達を上方制御した。サイトトロホブラストは、受容体チロシンキナーゼシグナル伝達の下方制御を示した。絨毛性非栄養膜細胞およびホフバウアー細胞は、特にLGA胎盤において、炎症および免疫代謝遺伝子発現の上方制御を示した。ホフバウアー細胞におけるSPP1発現の上昇は、潜在的な細胞間シグナル伝達を示唆している。
結論:
- 母体の肥満は、異なる胎盤細胞特異的な転写変化を誘発する。特に絨毛性非栄養膜細胞およびホフバウアー細胞における特定の胎盤シグネチャは、LGA出産と関連している。これらの所見は、妊娠転帰および子孫の健康に対する母体肥満の影響を調査するための経路を強調している。
関連する概念動画
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular
16.2K
The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
16.2K
Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers
2.7K
Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
2.7K
Obesity
1.2K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
1.2K
Gonadal and Placental Hormones
2.9K
The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair...
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair...
2.9K
Fetal Circulation
2.7K
Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
2.7K
Molecular Orbital Theory II
27.0K
Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams
27.0K


