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10時間の冷水マラソンスイム中の低体温の持続
Brendon H Roxburgh1,2, David T Edgar3, James D Cotter1,2
1School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Experimental physiology
|January 21, 2026
まとめ
冷水マラソンスイムは、体温調節に大きな課題をもたらします。この症例研究では、寒さに順応したスイマーが、37kmのフォボース海峡スイム中に低体温が持続したにもかかわらず、パフォーマンスを維持したことを示しています。
科学分野:
- スポーツ科学
- 環境生理学
- ヒトの体温調節
背景:
- マラソンの遠泳、特に寒冷な条件下での泳ぎは、極端な熱生理学的要求をもたらします。
- ニュージーランドのフォボース海峡は、水温13°C〜14°Cの冷たく荒れた海で知られており、スイマーにとって大きな課題となります。
研究 の 目的:
- 冷水横断中のソロマラソンスイマーの連続的な体温変化を記録すること。
- 寒冷な環境下での寒冷順応した持久力スイマーの生理学的反応とパフォーマンスを評価すること。
主な方法:
- 経口摂取可能な温度計ピルを使用した連続的な体温モニタリング。
- ウェットスーツなしで37kmのフォボース海峡を単独横断した52歳男性スイマーの症例報告。
主要な成果:
- 体温は50分以内に37.9°Cから35.0°C未満に急速に低下し、最低33.88°Cに達しました。
- スイマーは長時間の低体温(369分)を経験しましたが、認知機能や運動機能の低下は見られず、単独で泳ぎきりました。
- 浸漬後の体温の顕著な低下(after-drop)は観察されませんでした。
結論:
- 寒冷順応した持久力スイマーは、極端な冷水環境において顕著な体温調節耐性を示します。
- この症例は、高度に訓練された個人において、著しい低体温にもかかわらず持続的なパフォーマンスを発揮する可能性を強調しています。
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