高齢AML患者における同種HCTの逐次療法:単一施設の後ろ向き解析
Odelia Amit1, Gil Fridberg1, Yakir Moshe1
1Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Gray School of Medical Sciences, Aviv University.
Haematologica
|January 22, 2026
まとめ
再発/難治性急性骨髄性白血病(AML)の高齢患者は、逐次療法と自家造血幹細胞移植(HCT)を受けることができる。このアプローチは、有望な生存率と管理可能なGVHDを示し、高齢AML患者に希望を提供する。
科学分野:
- 血液学
- 腫瘍学
- 移植免疫学
背景:
- 再発または難治性の急性骨髄性白血病(AML)を有する高齢者(70歳以上)は、極めて予後不良に直面しています。
- 従来の治療法は、この脆弱な患者集団において限定的な有効性しか提供しません。
研究 の 目的:
- 活動性の再発/難治性AMLを有する高齢患者における同種造血幹細胞移植(HCT)を直接目指す逐次療法アプローチの有効性と安全性を評価すること。
- このコホートにおける死亡率に関連する因子を特定すること。
主な方法:
- 原発性難治性/再発性AMLを有する70歳以上の患者51名を対象とした、FITCy逐次レジメンによるHCTを受けた連続患者の後ろ向き解析。
- 移植片対宿主病(GVHD)、非再発死亡率(NRM)、完全寛解(CR)率、再発率(RI)、全生存率(OS)の評価。
主要な成果:
- 3年時の全生存率(OS)は31%、GVHDフリー・再発フリー生存率(GRFS)は30%、非再発死亡率(NRM)は36%でした。;移植後30日までに82.4%の患者がCRを達成し、3年時のRIは27.8%でした。;多変量解析では、ELN-2022スコア不良、AML再発、ATG非投与、前処置前のアルブミン値低値が死亡率上昇の予測因子として同定されました。
結論:
- 再発/難治性AMLを有する高齢患者にとって、同種HCTに続く逐次療法は実行可能な戦略であり、高いCR率と許容可能な生存転帰を達成しています。
- OSの予測モデルが開発され、患者は異なる生存期待値を持つ低・中・高リスク群に層別化されました。
- この困難な患者集団の転帰を改善するために、このアプローチを最適化するためのさらなる研究が保証されます。
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