高齢患者における初回再発時のブレキセルの症例
Marco Cerrano1, Lorenzo Celona1, Giulia Berutto1
1SC Ematologia, Aou Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino.
Recenti progressi in medicina
|January 22, 2026
まとめ
65歳以上の再発・難治性B細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病患者において、ブレクセルCAR-T療法により持続的寛解が達成された。この免疫療法は、併存疾患を有する複雑なB-ALL高齢患者にとって実行可能な選択肢となる。
科学分野:
- 血液学
- 免疫療法
- 腫瘍学
背景:
- 再発または難治性のB細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病(R/R B-ALL)は、重大な治療上の課題をもたらす。
- 免疫療法、特にCAR-T細胞療法は、成人R/R B-ALLの変革的治療法として登場した。
- CAR-T細胞療法は、高い寛解率と持続的奏功により新たな希望をもたらす。
研究 の 目的:
- 併存疾患を有するR/R B-ALL高齢患者におけるブレキセルCAR-T療法の有効性と安全性を評価すること。
- 複雑な患者集団におけるブレキセル治療の長期転帰を評価すること。
- R/R B-ALLを有する高齢者におけるCAR-T療法の可能性を強調すること。
主な方法:
- フィラデルフィア染色体陰性のB-ALLおよび併存疾患を有する67歳女性患者が、導入療法、維持療法を受け、その後ブレキセルCAR-T療法を受けた。
- CAR-T細胞輸注前にイノツズマブによる橋渡し療法が実施された。
- 患者の奏功(最小残存疾患(MRD)の状態を含む)および有害事象を綿密にモニタリングした。
主要な成果:
- 患者はブレキセル療法後に完全なMRD陰性寛解を達成した。
- ブレキセル治療は、グレード1のサイトカイン放出症候群(CRS)およびグレード1の免疫エフェクター細胞関連神経毒性症候群(ICANS)を含む管理可能な毒性と関連していた。
- 患者は、追加治療なしで、治療後1年以上完全なMRD陰性寛解を維持している。
結論:
- ブレキセルは、併存疾患を有する高齢患者においても、R/R B-ALLの有効な治療法である。
- 高リスク患者において、追加の地固め療法なしでブレキセルによる長期寛解が可能である。
- 最適化された橋渡し療法、注意深いモニタリング、および積極的な毒性管理がCAR-T療法を成功させるためには不可欠である。
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