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Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

753
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
753
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

1.6K
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

1.6K
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
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Targets for Drug Action: Overview01:26

Targets for Drug Action: Overview

10.1K
Drugs target macromolecules to modify ongoing cellular processes. Primary drug targets include receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes.
Receptors are either membrane-spanning or intracellular proteins, which upon binding a ligand, get activated and transmit the signal downstream to elicit a response. Drugs bind receptors, either mimicking the action of endogenous ligands or blocking the receptor activity to bring about a modified response. Nearly 35% of approved drugs target the G...
10.1K
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

751
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
751
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

14.0K
Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
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標的薬物送達のための磁気誘導マイクロロボット

Yi Zhang1, Jiaqi Li2, Lijie Yin3

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Flexible Medical Robotics, National Engineering Research Center of Advanced Magnetic Resonance Technologies For Diagnosis and Therapy (NERC-AMRT), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Advanced healthcare materials
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PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

磁気誘導マイクロロボットは、従来の治療法の限界を克服し、精密かつ低侵襲な薬物送達を提供する。生体適合性とナビゲーションにおける課題は残るが、将来の進歩は標的治療における大きな進歩を約束する。

キーワード:
臨床応用薬物送達マイクロロボットリアルタイム追跡刺激応答性薬物放出

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Echocardiography-guided Injection for Targeted and Reliable Intramyocardial Stem Cell Delivery in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction
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科学分野:

  • 生体医工学
  • ナノテクノロジー
  • 薬物送達システム

背景:

  • 従来の薬物送達方法は、ターゲティング不良や全身への副作用などの課題に直面している。
  • 磁気誘導マイクロロボットは、生体システムにおいて精密性と低侵襲ナビゲーションを強化する。

研究 の 目的:

  • 標的薬物送達のための磁気誘導マイクロロボットに関する最近の進歩をレビューする。
  • マイクロロボット技術の臨床応用における課題と将来の方向性を強調する。

主な方法:

  • 様々なマイクロロボット設計（例：らせん遊泳ロボット、バイオハイブリッドシステム）のためのマイクロ製造技術のレビュー。
  • 磁気駆動、生体材料、刺激応答性薬物放出メカニズムの統合。
  • リアルタイムin vivo画像化および追跡技術（超音波、MRIなど）の進歩。

主要な成果:

  • 薬剤、細胞、または診断・治療用エージェントを輸送できるマイクロロボットの開発。
  • 様々な刺激によってトリガーされる制御されたカーゴ放出の実証。
  • 高度な画像化によって可能になるin vivoでの誘導とモニタリングの成功。

結論:

  • 磁気誘導マイクロロボットは、標的治療および再生医療において大きな可能性を示している。
  • 生体適合性、運動性、放出精度、規制承認における課題を克服することが、臨床応用には不可欠である。
  • 継続的な学際的研究が、精密医療におけるマイクロロボットの可能性を最大限に引き出す鍵となる。