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The Synapse02:47

The Synapse

132.8K
Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
132.8K
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

2.8K
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
2.8K
Postsynaptic Potential (PSP)01:32

Postsynaptic Potential (PSP)

4.9K
Postsynaptic potential (PSP) refers to a change in the electrical potential of a neuron when neurotransmitters released by presynaptic neurons bind to postsynaptic receptors. This potential can either be excitatory, leading to depolarization and ultimately action potential generation, or inhibitory, leading to hyperpolarization and suppression of the postsynaptic neuron.
There are two types of receptors: ionotropic and metabotropic.
The ionotropic receptor is the membrane protein that has an...
4.9K
Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters01:29

Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters

12.7K
When an action potential reaches the presynaptic axon terminal, it releases neurotransmitters from the neuron into the synaptic cleft at a chemical synapse. The released neurotransmitter can be excitatory or inhibitory. The critical criteria commonly used to determine whether a molecule is a neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse are the molecule's presence in the presynaptic neuron. Second, its release is in response to strong presynaptic depolarization. And lastly, the presence of...
12.7K
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

11.3K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
11.3K
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

4.4K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
4.4K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices
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Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices

Published on: October 6, 2017

18.0K

電子線トモグラフィーによる興奮性シナプスのシナプス後密度の可視化

Rong Sun1,2,3,4, Qiangjun Zhou5,6,7,8

  • 1Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.

Advances in neurobiology
|January 22, 2026
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

電子線トモグラフィー（ET）は、シナプス超微細構造のナノメートル分解能の3Dビューを提供する。特に低温ETはこの手法は、シナプス後密度のナノスケール組織を明らかにし、神経科学を進歩させる。

キーワード:
電子線トモグラフィーナノスケール組織シナプス後密度シナプストランスシナプスアライメント透過型電子顕微鏡

さらに関連する動画

Visualization of ATP Synthase Dimers in Mitochondria by Electron Cryo-tomography
10:39

Visualization of ATP Synthase Dimers in Mitochondria by Electron Cryo-tomography

Published on: September 14, 2014

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Micropatterning Transmission Electron Microscopy Grids to Direct Cell Positioning within Whole-Cell Cryo-Electron Tomography Workflows
09:53

Micropatterning Transmission Electron Microscopy Grids to Direct Cell Positioning within Whole-Cell Cryo-Electron Tomography Workflows

Published on: September 13, 2021

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices
07:44

Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices

Published on: October 6, 2017

18.0K
Visualization of ATP Synthase Dimers in Mitochondria by Electron Cryo-tomography
10:39

Visualization of ATP Synthase Dimers in Mitochondria by Electron Cryo-tomography

Published on: September 14, 2014

30.9K
Micropatterning Transmission Electron Microscopy Grids to Direct Cell Positioning within Whole-Cell Cryo-Electron Tomography Workflows
09:53

Micropatterning Transmission Electron Microscopy Grids to Direct Cell Positioning within Whole-Cell Cryo-Electron Tomography Workflows

Published on: September 13, 2021

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科学分野:

  • 神経科学
  • 細胞生物学
  • 構造生物学

背景:

  • 従来の電子顕微鏡は、シナプス超微細構造に関する限られた洞察しか提供しなかった。
  • シナプスのナノスケール組織の理解は、神経科学にとって重要である。

研究 の 目的:

  • シナプス超微細構造の研究のための電子線トモグラフィー（ET）技術の詳細な概要を提供すること。
  • シナプスのネイティブに近い可視化のための低温ETの適用を強調すること。
  • シナプス後密度の組織および興奮性シナプスの複雑さに関する洞察を探求すること。

主な方法:

  • 電子線トモグラフィーの原理の紹介。
  • ETのサンプル調製、データ収集、および画像処理の詳細な説明。
  • 生物学的サンプルのための低温電子線トモグラフィー（cryo-ET）の強調。

主要な成果:

  • ETはシナプス超微細構造の高解像度3D再構築を可能にする。
  • クライオETは、生物学的サンプルをネイティブに近い状態で可視化できる。
  • 興奮性シナプスのナノスケール組織に関する重要な洞察が得られた。

結論:

  • 電子線トモグラフィーは、シナプス生物学研究を進歩させるための重要なツールである。
  • 神経科学におけるETの将来の可能性は大きい。
  • ETは、シナプス構造と機能の理解を大幅に向上させる。