ビタミンDサプリメントの使用と認知機能との関連:縦断的コホート研究
Rong Hua1,2, Chun Sing Lam2, Vincent Chung Tong Mok3,4,5
1School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
BMJ open
|January 22, 2026
まとめ
ビタミンDサプリメントは、ビタミンDレベルが十分な高齢者の認知低下を遅らせませんでした。医療提供者は、明確な兆候なしのサプリメント摂取について注意を促すべきです。
科学分野:
- 老年学;栄養神経科学;公衆衛生
背景:
- ビタミンDサプリメントと認知転帰との関連を示すエビデンスは、依然として限定的であり、矛盾しています。;高齢者の認知機能に対するビタミンDサプリメント使用の実際の影響を調査することは、非常に重要です。
研究 の 目的:
- 米国高齢者集団におけるビタミンDサプリメントの使用と、その後の認知機能との縦断的関連を調べること。
主な方法:
- Health and Retirement Study(HRS)の第12〜15波のデータを利用した前向きコホート研究。;6年間にわたって認知機能が評価された5065人の米国高齢者(平均年齢67.5歳)が含まれました。;共変量を調整して認知スコアの変化を推定するために、線形混合モデルが使用されました。
主要な成果:
- ビタミンDサプリメント使用者では、非使用者と比較して、全体的な認知機能(差:-0.052ポイント/年)および実行機能(差:-0.021ポイント/年)の低下が加速しました。;この低下の加速は、ベースライン血清25(OH)Dレベルが正常なサプリメント使用者で特に観察されました。;ビタミンDサプリメントと認知低下との間に有意な関連は、ビタミンDレベルが不十分または欠乏している個人では見られませんでした。
結論:
- ビタミンDのステータスが適切な高齢者において、ビタミンDサプリメントは認知低下を防いだり遅らせたりしないようです。;高齢者に対するビタミンDサプリメントの推奨は、食事摂取と日光曝露を優先して、慎重に行われるべきです。;認知機能におけるビタミンDの役割を明確にし、適切なサプリメント戦略を特定するためには、さらなる研究が必要です。
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