Everything and nothing is conscious: default assumptions in science and ethics
1Department of Environmental Studies, New York University, New York, NY, United States.
Frontiers in psychology
|January 23, 2026
まとめ
This study explores default assumptions about animal consciousness. It suggests that assuming consciousness in animals may benefit both scientific inquiry and ethical considerations.
科学分野:
- 心の哲学
- 動物認知
- 倫理
背景:
- 伝統的に、動物は意識がないと証明されない限り意識がないというデフォルト仮定がありました。
- 最近の提案では、動物の意識に関するこのデフォルト仮定を逆転させることが示唆されています。
- 代替のデフォルト仮定には、すべての生物、神経系を持つ生物、または複雑な認知を持つ生物における意識が含まれます。
研究 の 目的:
- 科学的および倫理的な観点から、意識に関する様々なデフォルト仮定を調査すること。
- 動物の心を理解するための異なるデフォルト仮定の含意を評価すること。
- 科学的および倫理的な文脈における意識の最も適切なデフォルト仮定を提案すること。
主な方法:
- 意識に関する歴史的および現代的な哲学的および科学的文献のレビュー。
- 意識の存在に関する異なるデフォルト仮定の分析。
- 提案された各デフォルト仮定の結果の倫理的および科学的評価。
主要な成果:
- 意識に関する異なるデフォルト仮定は、様々な科学的および倫理的目的 に適しています。
- 意識の欠如に関する従来の仮定は、異議を唱えられています。
- 意識のデフォルト仮定は、科学的研究と倫理的配慮の両方において利点を提供する可能性があります。
結論:
- 意識に関するデフォルト仮定の選択は、科学的および倫理的に重要な意味を持ちます。
- 意識をデフォルトとする従来の仮定を逆転させることは、実行可能で潜在的に有益なアプローチです。
- 意識のデフォルト仮定は、非人間的存在に関する科学的理解と倫理的実践の両方を促進するために最適であることがよくあります。
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