スコールハイ、ヴォーリング海溝の小胞玄武岩サンプルの流体流動挙動
Peter Betlem1,2,3, Marija Plahter Rosenqvist4, John Millett3,5,6
1Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, Ullevaal Stadion, P.O. Box 3930, 0806 Oslo, Norway.
まとめ
変質玄武岩の流体流動は炭素隔離の鍵である。膨潤粘土はブライン流動を大幅に低下させ、地下条件のガス浸透率データには注意が必要である。
科学分野:
- 地質学、地球物理学、地球科学
背景:
- 中央ノルウェー海溝の玄武岩貯留層と流動特性に関する研究は限られている。地下条件と孔隙流体変化に対する現場流体流動応答は、炭素隔離にとって重要であるが、十分に研究されていない。玄武岩溶岩流は炭素隔離の潜在的な貯留層であり、その水理学的特性の理解が必要である。
研究 の 目的:
- スコールハイ、ヴォーリング海溝の玄武岩溶岩流の流体流動特性を、シミュレートされた地下条件下で調査すること。炭素隔離用途におけるこれらの玄武岩の水理学的特性に対する変質と孔隙流体の影響を評価すること。現場のブライン流動と周囲のガス浸透率測定値を比較すること。
主な方法:
- IODPサイトU1571/U1572から32個の溶岩流サンプルを採取した。周囲条件下での水理学的特性(孔隙率、浸透率)を測定した。X線マイクロコンピューター断層撮影(µCT)を用いて、代表的なサンプルでマルチストレス、マルチ流体コアフラッディング実験を実施した。
主要な成果:
- 岩石学的分析により、細孔をライニングする二次粘土(スメクタイト)による著しい変質が明らかになった。ヘリウム孔隙率は一般に浸透閾値を下回った。クリンゲンバーグ補正窒素ガス浸透率は、孔隙率との相関が弱く、深度依存性もなかった。ブライン浸透率はガス浸透率よりも4桁低かった。CO2注入はブライン流動を著しく低下させず、ブライン誘発性の粘土膨潤が流体アクセス性を低下させた。
結論:
- 周囲のガス浸透率測定値は、変質玄武岩の現場流体流動を正確に反映していない可能性がある。変質した小胞玄武岩における膨潤粘土と低いマトリックス浸透率は、炭素隔離のための注入性を制限する可能性がある。これらの玄武岩層における著しい流体注入には、亀裂が不可欠である可能性がある。
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